Introduction: In this lab you will see what different variable affect a pendulum

Question

Introduction:   In this lab you will see what different variable affect a pendulum swing.

Website to use for pendulum: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/pendulum-lab/pendulum-lab_en.html

Procedure:

1.Set the string at exactly 150 cm.

2.Attach 0.5 kg to the end of the string.

3.Pull the washer and string up to a 20 degree angle compared to the starting point. Release the washer and start the stopwatch. Record the results.

4.Change the mass and repeat the experiment. Make sure you start the swing at 20 degrees again.

5.Repeat by having different masses and continue until you get to 5 trials.

6.Calculate the Period using the equation T=2L/g and record below and calculate the error.

Data Table:

Mass               Time for 5 Swings     Period (time for 1 full swing)           T=2L/g         Percent Error

0.5 kg              _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

1.0 kg              _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

1.5 kg             _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

2.0 kg              _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

______            _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

Procedure 2:

1.Repeat the above experiment but keep the mass at 1.0 kg the whole time and change the length of the string each time. Record the time below:

2.Calculate the Period using the equation T=2L/g and record below

Data Table:

Length            Time for 5 Swings     Period (time for 1 full swing)           T=2L/g           Percent Error

50 cm               _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

100 cm             _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

           

150 cm             _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

200 cm             _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

250 cm             _____________          _________________              _______________      _______________

Conclusion:

1. What factors affect the Period of a pendulum?

2. How did your measured results and calculated results compare? What factors do you think created the percent error?

3. What is the effect of the mass on a pendulum?

4. What is the effect of the length of the pendulum?

5. Grandfather clocks are based off of pendulums. Based on your data, predict how you would create a pendulum that would have a period of 1.0 sec. to complete the full swing? How long would the cord be? How would the mass change it?

Explanation / Answer

Procedure 1

Procedure 2

Conclusion:

(1) Length of the pendulam effect the period

(2) Both are (measured and calculated) are in good agreement. Error might be due to some some random effect.

(3) No effect

(4) Time period is proportional to the square root of length of pendulam

Procedure 1 Mass Time for 5 Swings Period (time for 1 full swing) T=2L/g Percent Error 0.5 12.4 2.48 2.4582 0.89% 1 12.4 2.48 2.4582 0.89% 1.5 12.4 2.48 2.4582 0.89% 2 12.4 2.48 2.4582 0.89%

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