Design experiments to test the following hypotheses: a. The energy of a system i

Question

Design experiments to test the following hypotheses: a. The energy of a system is always constant, though it can be converted from one form to another b. A nonzero force exerted on a moving system can't do exactly zero work. Available equipment: Everyday items easily found around your house, anything we have used in lab so far this semester. For each experiment, briefly describe your experimental procedure, state the prediction, and explain why you think your experiment will be effective in accomplishing its goal

Explanation / Answer

The simplest experiment that I can think of right now is the simple pendulum which can very easily constructed using simple day to day items available around the house ifself.

Just take a simple ball and tie a string or rope to it from the top and hang it from a point. Now you can measure the time period freqeuncy and such parameters with a simple stop clock.

Now how we interpret physics of energy conservation from the system ?

let us say the pendulum is swung to one end and is released at the moment when it held, the KE is zero and PE is maximum as it reaches the middle point the KE is maximum and PE is minimum and when it reaches the other side near the turning point, the KE is again zero and PE becomes maximum. So between these two quantities energy is conserved and there is always one form of energy being conserved to another just to keep total energy associated with the pendulum system constant.

b.

By definition, we can always say that the work done is force times the displacement. Only when the force is perpendicular to the object's velocity then the work done can be zero other wise it is zero.

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