1. 115 marks] These are a few questions pertaining to the CANDU reactor design.
ID: 1770609 • Letter: 1
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1. 115 marks] These are a few questions pertaining to the CANDU reactor design. Refer to the learning module on the CANDU design or on other sources. (a) What is the main benefit of the tube design for CANDU reactors? (b) Why is D2O used as the moderator in CANDU? (c) What is the purpose of the calandria tube? (d) What material makes the pressure-tube CANDU design be possible? Why? (e) To what does 8-bundle-shift refer? Explain. (f) Why are CANDU reactivity devices labelled "interstitial"? (g) What is the approximate mass of uranium in a fuel bundle? (h) At what pressure is the primary heat-transport system maintained (at the exit (G) What is the "operating" material which acts as an absorber in the CANDU 6) What do you think is the major benefit of bidirectional refuelling and (k) Would the bidirectional design mentioned in (c) be easier or more difficult to of the pressure tubes)? liquid-zone sompartments. bidirectional coolant flow? achieve with vertical fuel channels? Explain. [Hint: In a vertical channel, is there a preferred direction for the coolant flow as it picks up heat? Why?] 1) What are the devices in SDS-1? What is the operating material? (m)What is the average temperature increase of the coolant as it passes through (n) Why can 37-element bundles operate at a higher design power than 28-elemet (o) Which devices are used to keep the reactor running when refuelling is the core? bundles? unavailable for a long period?Explanation / Answer
a)The pressure tube design seprates the coolent and the moderator.It is difficult to build the large pressure vessel but tube design solved this problem.Pressure tubes running horizontally through the reactor contain the fuel. High pressure coolant passes through the pressure tube and over the fuel.
b)Use of heavy water as a moderator is that it absorbs fewer neutrons than light water.. This allows the use of natural uranium instead of enriched uranium for fuel.
c)Calandria is large tank with hundreds of passageways through it contains the moderator. It is about 6 m long and 7 m across. It protects from overpressure.
d)The tube is made up of zirconium alloy, a metal that absorbs fewer neutrons than other metals.
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