Vertebrate circulatory and respiratory systems are tightly integrated, but when
ID: 176854 • Letter: V
Question
Vertebrate circulatory and respiratory systems are tightly integrated, but when we examine non-vertebrate chordates, we typically find either both systems are absent or there is a circulatory system without a specific respiratory system. This raises the question of how it is possible for these two separate, non-homologous systems to evolve such a connection when they were clearly separate to begin with. Develop and present a hypothesis to explain how it is possible for such integration to evolve using the phylogeny, biophysics, and evolutionary forces course themes. For each theme, explain what type of evidence you could look for to support the ideas based on that theme and why that evidence would provide support to your hypothesis. (Comparative Vertabrae Anatomy course)
Explanation / Answer
On the basis of phylogeny there is series of increasing in improvement of development from the no-vertebrates to vertebrates. In the case of circulatory and respiratory systems, the respiratory system provides Oxygen and removes excess CO2. The circulatory system helps to circulate the fluid with Oxygen and CO2. As the evolution increase the development of brain increases. That is the main system which makes differ amongst all phyla. Brain developed from neuron and brain needs more oxygen. That makes the development of separated organs like circulatory and respiratory systems. Now there is pure need of pure need oxygen to all organs as the evolution occur.
On the basis of biophysics the compartmentization of organs is needed. It is because circulatory system has to circulate the blood to all parts of body while respiratory system can retain in a defined area. The blood and blood like fluids can carry oxygen and CO2. These are present in different partial pressure within organ and fluids. This has to be maintained. The other cause changes in within the cells. The oxygen respiratory system, mitochondria and chloroplast has to develop with more efficiency.
The evolutionary forces comes when survival get in danger. Aves evolved to out of danger by flying, amphibian by living in both water and earth, mammals tend to live on surface of earth and reptiles can hide. These all has been developed from non vertebrates by means of genetic changes. These changes come through the changes of survival. Those non-vertebrates get remained who do not get in danger. Otherwise all non-vertebrates should be developed into higher vertebrates
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