The most abundant lipids in cell membranes are___ Lipid molecules in biological
ID: 176026 • Letter: T
Question
The most abundant lipids in cell membranes are___ Lipid molecules in biological membranes are arranged as a continuous double layer called the___ which is about 5 nm thick. Sugar containing lipids called___ are found only in the outer half of the bilayer and their sugar groups are exposed at the cell surface. ___are a proteins that function in the folding reactions of proteins ensuring that the proteins fold correctly. Proteins that are covalently attached to carbohydrates are called___ The currently accepted model of membrane structure is called the___ model. Proteins that are localized within in the interior of the cell membrane are called___ Two critical regions in a bacterial promoter necessary for transcription initiation are the___ and___ regions. A(n)___may be reversible or irreversible thus slowing or stopping an enzymatic reaction. A(n)___inhibitor such as aspirin or salicylic acid binds to the enzyme covalently. causing an irrevocable loss of catalytic activity. A___ Inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme but cannot be processed by the enzyme resulting in a change in___ but not the___ of the enzyme reaction. In DNA, coding segments of genes arc interrupted by sequences called___Explanation / Answer
1. The most abundant lipid in cell membranes are Phosphoilipds.
They are abundant in all biological membranes and composed of a) a fatty acid; b) the platform to which the fatty acids are attached (glycerol or sphingosine), a phosphate and an alcohol attached to the phosphate.
2. Lipid molecules in biological membranes are arranged as a continous double layer called the bipolar lipid which is about 5mm thick.
3. Sugar contaiining lipids called Glycolipids are found only in the outer half of the bilayer and their sugar groups are exposed at the cell surface.
The simplest glycolipid is cerebroside which contains only one sugar residue; whereas the complex glycolipids, contain a branched chain of as many as seven sugar residues. (e.g. gangliosides) The sugar could be either glucose or galactose.
4. Chaperons are proteins that function in the folding reaction ensuring that the protein folds correctly.
Chaperones exist in all cellular compartments and interact with the polypeptide chain in order to allow the protein to make native three-dimensional conformation ; however, chaperones themselves are not included in the final structure of the protein, they only help in folding.
5. Proteins that are covalently attached to the carbohydrates are called Glycoproteins.
6. The currently accepted model of membrane structure is called the Fluid Mosaic model.
The model describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrate.
7. Proteins that are localized within the interior of the cell membrane are called integral membrane protein.
They are parmanently attached to the biological membrane.
8. Two critical regions in a bacterial promoter necessary for transcription initiation are the TATA Box and Pribnow Box
9. An inhibitor may be reversible or irreversaibile thus slowing or stopping an enzymatic reaction. An irreversable inhibitor such as aspirin or salicylic acid binds to the enzyme covalently, causing an irrevocable loss of catalytic activity. A reversable inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme but cannot be processed by the enzyme resulting in a change in equilibrim but not the of the enzyme reaction.
10. In DNA, coding segments of genes are interrupted by sequences called introns. Introns represent the part of the gene which are not expressed.
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