Which of the following variables is a predictor vatiable in the scientific abstr

Question

Which of the following variables is a predictor vatiable in the scientific abstract below? Abstract 2 points Ecological changes in the phenology and distribution of plants and animals are occurring in all wel-studied marine, freshwater and terrestrial groups These observed changes heavily in the directions predicted from warming have been linked to localor change through between variation, field and laboratory experiments, and physiological research Range restricted species, particularly polar species, show severe range contractions and have been the first groups in which entire species have gone extinct due to recent climate change Tropical coral reefs and amphibians have been most negatively affected Predator-prey and plant-insect interactions have been disrupted when interacting species have responded differently to warming Evolutionary adaptations to warmer conditions have occurred interiors of and resource and have evolved rapidey margins observed genetic shifts local effects of climate change, but there is little evidence that they wil mitigate effects at the species level Parmesan, C.2006 andevolutionary responses climate change Annual Review and Systemarca, pp 637-669 A. Extinction risk o B Plant-insect interactions o C. Climate change D Range contractions of polar species

Explanation / Answer

(21)No.

Paranthropus evolved from the ancestral Australopithecus and not from chimpanzees.

(18)Null Hypothesis= Sex does not affect diet of red headed woodpeckers in south Carolina

Alternate Hypothesis= Sex does affect diet of red headed woodpeckers in south Carolina

X2=(Observed-Expected) 2/Expected

For Acorns (Male+female=0.50+0.25=0.75; 0.75/2=0.375, expected for female and male is 0.375)

X2= (0.50-0.375) 2/0.375+(0.25-0.375) 2/0.375=0.0417+0.0417=0.0834

The obtained value is 0.90>p<0.75

The obtained Chi-Square of 0.0834 with one degree of freedom is indicating that this difference is not statistically significant, thus we can accept the Null hypothesis.

For Insects (Male+female=0.22+0.48=0.70; 0.70/2=0.35, expected for female and male is 0.35)

X2= (0.22-0.35) 2/0.35+(0.48-0.35) 2/0.35=0.0483+0.0483=0.0966

The obtained value is 0.90>p<0.75

Here also we can accept the null hypothesis.

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