How deep will a shearwater dive? To measure how far below theocean surface the b

Question

How deep will a shearwater dive? To measure how far below theocean surface the bird goes to catch a fish, Will Markin used amethod originated by Lord Kelvin for soundings by the British Navy.Assume that in one trial, with a tube 6.50cm long, he found waterhad entered the tube to wash away the sugar over a distance of2.50cm from the open end. (a) Find the greatest depth to which theshearwater dove, assuming that the air in the tube stayed at aconstant temperature. (b) Must the tube be attached to the bird inany particular orientation for this method to work?(Aubudon’s shearwater can dive to more than twice the depthyou calculate, and larger species can dive nearly ten timesdeeper). I am having trouble figuring this out.

Explanation / Answer

(a)the pressure P at a depth h below a point in the liquid atwhich the pressure is Po is greater by an amountgh P = Po + gh here P = 0 or Po + gh = 0 or h = (Po/ * g) Po= 1.013 * 10^5 Pa, = 1000 kg/m^3 and g =9.8 m/s^2 (b)the tube must be attached to the bird in perpendicularorientaion for this method to work.This is because the centripetalforce acting on the bird should be balanced by the weight of thebird.

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