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For each of the species, briefly describe: -Cell morphology and “arrangement of

ID: 174857 • Letter: F

Question

For each of the species, briefly describe:

-Cell morphology and “arrangement of cells” (if applicable)

-Gram reaction (gram positive or gram negative?)

-describe any other special features (if applicable); i.e. capsules, flagella, acid-fast, etc.

-Where is the species typically found, or in what environmental conditions does the species generally grow?

-What is the species’ role in the environment, if any.

-If this species is pathogenic, describe the infection(s) it causes.

Salmonella enteritidis

Bacillus cereus

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Alcaligenes faecalis

Proteus vulgaris

Explanation / Answer

Salmonella enteritidis

Bacillus cereus

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Alcaligenes faecalis

Proteus vulgaris

Cell morphology

Rod shaped, non motile, non spore forming.

Rod shaped, motile, endo spore forming.

Rod shaped, non motile.

Rod shaped, motile.

Rod shaped, motile.

Gram reaction

Gram negative

Gram positive

Gram negative

Gram negative

Gram negative

Salient features

Primarily adapted to animal hosts rather than humans.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Can cause beta haemolysis- Complete lysis of RBC.

Motility through flagella.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Has a polysaccharide capsule over the cell that protects the organism.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Can cause alpha haemolysis.

Motility through flagella.

Needs oxygen to survive.

Motility through flagella.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Environment where it is found

Mostly found in animal intestine.

May also be free living in soil and water.

Soil and food, like poultry

Skin, mouth and intestine.

Faeces, soil and water

Faeces, soil and water

Role in environment

Infects poultry and dairy products.

Is used to as a feed additive to reduce salmonella in intestines.

Infection by K. pneumoniae can lead to pneumonia.

Degrades urea to form ammonia. This makes the environment alkaline.

It is used to produce non standard amino acids (amino acids other that the 20 that ear coded through the codon).

Produces hydrogen sulphide and reduces nitrates.

Infection

Raw or undercooked eggs can contain S. enteritidis which can lead to sever food poisoning if consumed.

Produces toxins in food products that can cause vomiting and diarrhea.

Can cause infections of the blood, urinary tract meningitis and pneumonia.

Can cause urinary tract infections.

Can cause urinary tract infections and infections in wounds,

Salmonella enteritidis

Bacillus cereus

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Alcaligenes faecalis

Proteus vulgaris

Cell morphology

Rod shaped, non motile, non spore forming.

Rod shaped, motile, endo spore forming.

Rod shaped, non motile.

Rod shaped, motile.

Rod shaped, motile.

Gram reaction

Gram negative

Gram positive

Gram negative

Gram negative

Gram negative

Salient features

Primarily adapted to animal hosts rather than humans.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Can cause beta haemolysis- Complete lysis of RBC.

Motility through flagella.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Has a polysaccharide capsule over the cell that protects the organism.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Can cause alpha haemolysis.

Motility through flagella.

Needs oxygen to survive.

Motility through flagella.

Can survive with or without oxygen.

Environment where it is found

Mostly found in animal intestine.

May also be free living in soil and water.

Soil and food, like poultry

Skin, mouth and intestine.

Faeces, soil and water

Faeces, soil and water

Role in environment

Infects poultry and dairy products.

Is used to as a feed additive to reduce salmonella in intestines.

Infection by K. pneumoniae can lead to pneumonia.

Degrades urea to form ammonia. This makes the environment alkaline.

It is used to produce non standard amino acids (amino acids other that the 20 that ear coded through the codon).

Produces hydrogen sulphide and reduces nitrates.

Infection

Raw or undercooked eggs can contain S. enteritidis which can lead to sever food poisoning if consumed.

Produces toxins in food products that can cause vomiting and diarrhea.

Can cause infections of the blood, urinary tract meningitis and pneumonia.

Can cause urinary tract infections.

Can cause urinary tract infections and infections in wounds,