1) To diagnose giardiasis, microscopic evaluation is required and it is often ha
ID: 174640 • Letter: 1
Question
1)
To diagnose giardiasis, microscopic evaluation is required and it is often hard to diagnose. Why do you think this is so?
To diagnose giardiasis, microscopic evaluation is required and it is often hard to diagnose. Why do you think this is so?
d. Multiple stool samples are required to diagnose giardiasis because the cysts and trophozoites are shed only intermittently.
2)
There are four species of Plasmodium that cause the disease malaria, of which P. falciparum is the most virulent. P. falciparum is transmitted by a mosquito vector to a human host. Can all mosquitoes transmit malaria? Why or why not?
a.Giardiasis is difficult to diagnose because the organism is hard to detect in the urine because of intermittent shedding. b. Giardiasis is difficult to diagnose because its morphology is similar to those of other parasites. c. Culture of Giardia intestinalis is impossible without a human host.d. Multiple stool samples are required to diagnose giardiasis because the cysts and trophozoites are shed only intermittently.
2)
There are four species of Plasmodium that cause the disease malaria, of which P. falciparum is the most virulent. P. falciparum is transmitted by a mosquito vector to a human host. Can all mosquitoes transmit malaria? Why or why not?
a. Only male Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit the malarial parasite to the human hosts because they take a blood meal in order to be fertile. b. Only female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit the malarial parasite to a human host because they are the only ones who take a blood meal from the host. c. All mosquitoes, regardless of genus, can transmit the malarial parasite to the human host. d. Only Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit the malarial parasite to the human host, and both males and females are able to do so.Explanation / Answer
1.d)Multiple stool samples are required to diagnose giardiasis because the cysts and trophozoites are shed only intermittently.
Giardia also can be diagnosed by examination of stool under the microscope for cysts or trophozoites; however, it takes three samples of stool to diagnose 90% of cases. Despite requiring three samples of stool, microscopic examination of stool identifies other parasites in addition to Giardia that can cause diarrheal illness. Therefore, microscopical examination of stool has value beyond diagnosing giardiasis, as it can identify and diagnose other parasites as the cause of a patient's illness.
2.b) Only female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit the malarial parasite to a human host because they are the only ones who take a blood meal from the host
.Only certain species of mosquitoes of the Anopheles genus and only females of those species can transmit malaria. Malaria is caused by a one-celled parasite called a Plasmodium. Female Anopheles mosquitoes pick up the parasite from infected people when they bite to obtain blood needed to nurture their eggs.
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