Activities are seldom conducted under ideal environmental conditions. Heat, cold

Question

Activities are seldom conducted under ideal environmental conditions. Heat, cold, humidity, and altitude-alone or in combination-present unique problems that are superimposed on the physiological demands of exercise. This chapter and the preceding chapter summarized the characteristics of these common environmental stresses and how we can a cope with them. Much of our discussion thus far has dealt with how physiological variables and environmental stress can hinder our performance. In the next part of the book. we examine various ways to optimize performance. we begin by looking at the importance of the amount of training, considering what happens when we train either too much or too little. acute altitude (mountain) sickness barometric pressure cheyne stokes breathing high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) hypobaric hypoxemia hypoxia partial pressure of oxugen polycythemia respiratory alkalosis Describe the conditions at altitude that could limit the ability to perform physical activity. What types of exercise are detrimentally influenced by exposure to high altitude and why? When someone ascends to an altitude of over 1, 500m, describe the physiological adjustments that occur with in the first 24 h. Differentiate the physiological adjustments that accompany acclimation to altitude over a period of days, weeks, and months. would an endurance athlete who trained at altitude be able to perform better during subsequent sea-level performance? Why or why not? Describe the theoretical advantage of living high and training low. What are the best strategies for preparing athletes for high-altitude competition? What are the health risks associated with acute exposure to high altitude and how can they be minimized?

Explanation / Answer

1. At high altitude the pressure of air is higher than the air pressure at the sea level. Our normal respiration depends of pressure gradient of oxygen in blood and alveoli. The air pressure in alveoli is higher than that of blood. This causes the diffusion of oxygen from alveoli to blood making it oxygenated. But in high altitude this process is disturbed. The blood does not get properly oxygenated limiting the ability to perform physical activity.

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