Suppose tratrazolium test were performed. Predict and draw(indicate where staini

Question

Suppose tratrazolium test were performed. Predict and draw(indicate where staining present) what a bean seed would look like if a deleterious mutation existed in the gene encoding starch synthase where present. Next to it draw what bean seed would look like if a deleterious mutation existed in the gene encoding flower petal purse coloring were present. Suppose tratrazolium test were performed. Predict and draw(indicate where staining present) what a bean seed would look like if a deleterious mutation existed in the gene encoding starch synthase where present. Next to it draw what bean seed would look like if a deleterious mutation existed in the gene encoding flower petal purse coloring were present.

Explanation / Answer

Plant seeds store glucose, a carbohydrate, as the polysaccharide starch. Starch can be separated into two fractions--amylose and amylopectin. Natural starches are mixtures of amylose (10-20%) and amylopectin (80-90%).Amylose forms a colloidal suspension in hot water; amylopectin is completely insoluble.

Seedlings use the starch as an energy source for growth until the plant is big and complex enough to photosynthesize.

Studies of promoters that largely regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level are crucial for improving our basic understanding of gene regulation and will expand the toolbox of available promoters for use in plant biotechnology. In this review, we present a comprehensive analysis of promoters and their underlying mechanisms in transcriptional regulation, including epigenetic marks and chromatin-based regulation. Large-scale prediction of promoter sequences and their contributing cis-acting elements has become routine due to recent advances in transcriptomic technologies and genome sequencing of several plants. However, predicted regulatory sequences may or may not be functional and demonstration of the contribution of the element to promoter activity is essential for confirmation of regulatory sequences. Synthetic promoters and introns provide useful approaches for functional validation of promoter sequences. The development and improvement of gene expression tools for rapid, efficient, predictable, and high-throughput analysis of promoter components will be critical for confirmation of the functional regulatory element sequences identified through transcriptomic and genomic analyses.

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