What is the purpose of inverting inoculated plates during incubation? Define or

Question

What is the purpose of inverting inoculated plates during incubation? Define or explain: i) Aseptic Technique ii) Axenic Culture iii) Complex or Nutrient media iv) Anaerobic v) Defined/synthetic media What is the purpose of oil immersion the microscope that you use in your class? What can't you view viruses with your microscope? What is the total magnification of your microscope if the ocular has 10X, the objective lens is 43X and the condenser lens is 20X why is it required to fix the bacterial smear on the slide, what is the advantage or disadvantage to "Heat fix" or "Air dry" bacterial smears. What may happen during staining if the smear is not fixed? A mixed smear of Staph epidermidis and Ecoli is Gram stained. Describe how the smear will stain under the following conditions i) Smears stained for 24-hour old culture ii) smears stained from 7-day old culture Why should controls be used with each experimental procedures?

Explanation / Answer

1. inversion allows the water droplets formed due to condensation to drip on to the lid , away from the agar rather way from the bacteria thereby preventing it from comtaminition.

2.1: aseptic technique: a technique used to prevent any contamination, procedures are done in sterile condition like flame sterilisation.

2.2: axenic culture: a culture which in free of any contaminations, contains only a single strain or variety.

2.3: complex or nutrient media: specialised media which contains some complex ingredients such as yeast extract etc, a media whose exact chemical composition is not known .fastidious organisms require specialised environment due to complex nutritional requirement.

2.4: anaerobic: anaerobic means without oxygen.

2.5: synthetic/ defined media: synthetic media also known as defined media is where all the components are known, exact chemical composition is known.

3. oil immersion used in microsope where the specimen and the objective lens is immersed in transparent oil of high refractive index , increasing the numerical aperture thus increasing the resolving power of the microscope.

size of the virus is too small for the microscope to resolve.

4. condenser lens has no role in magnification, so the magnification would be ocular * objective= 10X * 43X = 430X

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