Does the Life Safety Code require the installation of elevators? What is the sou

Question

Does the Life Safety Code require the installation of elevators? What is the source of your answer?

Describe the three-pulse temporal audible alarm signal.  

The Life Safety Code requirements pertaining to interior finish are intended to do what?

What are the classes and parameters of the interior wall and ceiling and interior floor finishes as prescribed in the Life Safety Code?

Where in the Life Safety Code would I find the determination that a decommissioned nuclear-powered submarine, with the propeller removed and permanently moored to a dedicated pier, used for a bed and breakfast is subject to the requirements of the Life Safety Code?

Under what conditions may light-transmitting plastics be permitted to be used as interior wall and ceiling finish?

What testing requirements must draperies, curtains, and other similar loosely hanging furnishings and decorations meet where required by the applicable provisions of the Life Safety Code?

In underground and limited access structures, must emergency access openings be readily openable from the exterior by the public? Why or why not?

Must a new building where the floor of an occupiable story is 87 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system? Why or why not?

How would the life safety requirements for a restaurant seating 75 persons in a single-story permanent tensioned-membrane structure differ from a restaurant seating 75 persons in a single-story freestanding building made of ordinary construction?

Explanation / Answer

1.This Act lays down provisions for regulating construction maintenance and safe working of certain classes of lifts and all machineries, apparatus pertaining thereto in the installation of elevators and also prescribes procedure for issue of licence for working of the lifts and elevators. This act also provides power to make rules about the specifications, testing and licensing of the lifts and elevators etc.

The penalty clause is also provided in the Act, which prescribes a penalty of Rs.500/- for breach of any provisions of the Act or Rules made thereunder and for continuous offence Rs.50/- shall be charged for every day after the first day during which such breach continues.

These rules provide procedure for applying/obtaining licenses for working of elevators, specification of elevators components/ machinery and safety devices to be used in the lift and elevators and procedure for inspection/testing of the elevators. These rules are basically safety regulations which are being enforced for safe and proper construction, working, maintenance and inspection of lifts for ensuring safety of users and also smooth working of the same. As per the provisions of these rules whosever desires to install passenger lift, shall have to submit an application on a prescribed performa to the Inspector of Lifts for obtaining permission to erect the lifts. On receipt of the application the designated field staff visits the site and if the same is found suitable for errection of elevators then permission is granted to applicant to install the lift and elevators.

Rourse of these rules form indian standards for safety management for lift.

A fire alarm notification appliance is an active fire protection component of a fire alarm system. A notification appliance may use audible, visible, or other stimuli to alert the occupants of a fire or other emergency condition requiring action. Audible appliances have been in use longer than any other method of notification.

Temporal-Three alarm signal, often referred to as "T-3".The Temporal Pattern produces an interrupted four count, three half second pulses, followed by a one and one half second pause, repeated for a minimum of 180 seconds.

2.The Life Safety Code requirements pertaining to interior finish are-The Life Safety Code is unusual among safety codes in that it applies to existing structures as well as new structures. When a Code revision is adopted into local law, existing structures may have a grace period before they must comply, but all structures must comply with code. In some cases, the authority having jurisdiction can simply permit previously approved features to be used under specified conditions. the Life Safety Code deals with hazards to human life in buildings, public and private conveyances and other human occupancies, but only when permanently fixed to a foundation, attached to a building, or permanently moored for human habitation .The Life Safety Code is used by architects and designers of vehicles and vessels used for human occupancy. Since the Life Safety Code is a valuable source for determining liability in accidents, it is also used by insurance companies to evaluate risks and set rates, not to mention assessment of compliance after an incident.

The words Life Safety Code and NFPA 101 are registered trademarks of NFPA. All or part of the NFPA's Life Safety Code are adopted as local regulationsthroughout the country.

3.This guide consists of a number of alternative approaches to life safety applicable for existing buildings and new constructions .Where the facility includes additions or connected structures of different construction, the rating and classification of the structure shall be based on one of the following:

Separate buildings

Separate buildings, if the additions and connected structure conform to the provisions of applicable sections

The lower safety parameter point score involved.

The classification of interior wall and ceiling finish materials shall be in accordance with Section 10.2 (NFPA 101). The flame-spread and smokedeveloped index classification shall be in accordance with ASTM E 84, Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials , or ANSI/UL 723, Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, based on the most combustible surface after deleting trim. No allowance is made in the safety parameter values for interior finish materials that fail to be classified as a minimum of Class C.

Section 10.2 “Interior Finish” of NFPA 101 involves interior finishes’ requirements for wall, ceiling, and floor. While 5.4.6.2 NFPA 101A involves only the requirements of interior wall and ceiling finish materials and doesn’t include floor finishes. Indicating to (wall and ceiling) is required to be clear and specific.

4.Foam plastic insulation is not permitted exposed as interior finish unless it is use as trim only (limitation of 10% must be highly dense and must meet a class on flame spread index but smoke is not limited) or its meet the fire test that substaintiatesits fire performance characteristics for the use intented under actual fire conditions.

5.The purpose of this guide is to outline the major requirements, both state and federal, that apply to:

• Interior wall and ceiling finishes

• Interior floor finishes

• Drapes, curtains and decorations

• Upholstered furniture

• Mattresses

There are several factors that affect the types of wall finishes (e.g. paneling, wallpaper and vinyl wall coverings) and ceiling finishes (e.g. acoustical tile) allowed in a health care facility including:

• Date of installation of the finish;

• Location of the finish – i.e. where it’s installed in the building (e.g. rooms, corridors, etc.); and • Automatic fire sprinkler protection.Classification of interior finish Interior finishes are broken down into three classifications:

• Class A Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish (flame spread index 0-25, smoke developed index 0-450)

• Class B Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish (flame spread index 26-75, smoke developed index 0-450)

• Class C Interior Wall and Ceiling Finish (flame spread index 76-200, smoke developed index 0-450)

6.The provision of fire escape in buildings under Purpose Group III comprises 3 distinct parts;

a.The part within the functional room spaces to the exit staircase/area of refuge -It is critical that occupants from their respective areas of occupancy are able to get out within a prescribed distance, should a fire break out. The prescribed distances (given in Table 2.2A) shall be measured from the most remote point in that room space to its entrance (on first storey), or to the nearest exit staircase door, serving that storey or to door of area of refuge. Occupants in room spaces, provided with two or more exit doors, should ensure that all these doors are readily opened for escape in emergency situations.

b.The exit staircase-Once the occupants have entered the exit staircase, they shall be protected (from exposure to fire risk and obstacle) throughout their descent down the staircase to the final exit at ground level.

c.The exit discharge-Occupants exiting from the exit staircases shall be able to discharge into the open external space at the ground level. From this point on they should no longer be in any danger from the fire or smoke in the building.

7.automatic sprinkler system- Must a new building where the floor of an occupiable story is 87 feet above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system

Building and fire codes often require installation of automatic sprinklers in a building based on certain factors, such as occupancy group, height, size of the building/fire area, and occupant load. If fire sprinklers aren’t explicitly mandated, the codes often make it highly advantageous to install them as an optional system by allowing for less expensive construction types (and thus less expensive building materials), larger floor area limitations, longer egress paths, and fewer requirements for fire-rated construction in structures protected by fire sprinklers, reducing the total building cost.

The building and fire codes require the installation of sprinklers, but the national standards themselves don’t require installation of sprinklers in buildings. Sprinklers may also be required by local ordinances or by insurance companies to reduce potential property losses or business interruption.

8.The aggregate floor area bounded by fire walls, fire barriers, exterior walls, or horizontal assemblies of a building for the safety of 75 persons in a single story permanent tensioned member structure.

Where buildings, or portions thereof, are divided into fire areas so as not to exceed the limits established for requiring a fire protection system in accordance with this chapter, such fire areas shall be separated by fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies in the construction.

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