17) An engine manufacturer makes the claim that the engine they have developed w
ID: 1730707 • Letter: 1
Question
17) An engine manufacturer makes the claim that the engine they have developed will, on each cycle, take 100 J of heat out of boiling water at 100°C, do mechanical work of soJ and exhaust 20 J of heat at 10°C. What, if anything, is wrong with this claim? A) The heat exhausted must always be greater than the work done according to the second law of thermodynamics. B) This engine violates the first law of thermodynamics because 100J+20J $0 C) An engine would operate by taking in heat at the lower temperature and exhausting heat at the higher temperature. D) The efficiency of this engine is greater than the ideal Carnot cycle efficiency. E) There is nothing wrong with this claim because 100 J-20J+80 J 18) A hot piece of iron is thrown into the ocean and its temperature eventually stabilizes. Which of the following statements concerning this process is correct? (There may be more than one correct choice.) A) The entropy lost by the iron is equal to the entropy gained by the ocean. B) The entropy gained by the iron is equal to the entropy lost by the ocean. C) The change in the entropy of the iron-ocean system is zero. D) The ocean gains more entropy than the iron loses. E) The ocean gains less entropy than the iron loses. 19) The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude that A) the total energy of the universe is constant B) disorder in the universe is increasing with the passage of time. C) it is theoretically impossible to convert work into heat with 100% efficiency. D) the total energy in the universe is increasing with time. E) the total energy in the universe is decreasing with time. 20) What is the steady state rate of heat flow through a pane of glass that is 40.0 em by 30.0 em with a thickness of 4.00 mm when the outside temperature of the glass is -10.0°C and its inside temperature is 25.0°C? The thermal conductivity of glass is 0.105 W/(m-K), the specific heat of glass is 0.180 cal/(g C), and I cal-4.190 J A) 24.2 W B) 3.81 W C) 18.6 W D) 47.3 W E) 110 WExplanation / Answer
Q17.
Option d.
The efficiency of this engine would be greater than that ideal Carnot cycle efficiency.
The efficiency of this engine is greater than the ideal Carnot cycle efficiency, no real engine can have a greater efficiency than a Carnot engine. (373 - 283)/ (373) = 24.12 % or 24.12 J > which would be the Carnot efficiency and the work, but efficiency of this engine is 80% (80 J = work / 100 J = Q input), which is greater than Carnot engine (24.12%)
Q18.
Option d.
The ocean gains more entropy than the iron loses.
Q19.
Option b.
disorder in the universe is increasing with the passage of time.
Q20.
Option e.
P = K?TA / d
K = thermal conductivity in W/mK
P = power in watts transferred through the material
?T = change in temperature across the material
A = cross-sectional area in m²
d = thickness in m
P = (0.105)(35)(0.4*0.3) / (0.004) = 110 watts
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