(a) What force is exerted by the Sun on the Moon? 1 N (b) What force is exerted
ID: 1728401 • Letter: #
Question
(a) What force is exerted by the Sun on the Moon?1 N
(b) What force is exerted by the Earth on the Moon?
2 N
(c) What force is exerted by the Sun on the Earth?
3 N Useful Planetary Data Body Mass (kg) Mean Radius (m) Period (s) Distance from Sun (m) T2/r3 (s2/m3) Mercury 3.18 1023 2.43 106 7.60 106 5.79 1010 2.97 10-19 Venus 4.88 1024 6.06 106 1.94 107 1.08 1011 2.99 10-19 Earth 5.98 1024 6.37 106 3.156 107 1.496 1011 2.97 10-19 Mars 6.42 1023 3.37 106 5.94 107 2.28 1011 2.98 10-19 Jupiter 1.90 1027 6.99 107 3.74 108 7.78 1011 2.97 10-19 Saturn 5.68 1026 5.85 107 9.35 108 1.43 1012 2.99 10-19 Uranus 8.68 1025 2.33 107 2.64 109 2.87 1012 2.95 10-19 Neptune 1.03 1026 2.21 107 5.22 109 4.50 1012 2.99 10-19
Explanation / Answer
Mass of Sun, M1 = 1.991 X 10 30kg Mass of Moon, M2 = 7.36 X 10 22kg Mass of Earth, M3 = 5.98 X 10 24kg Distance between Sun and Moon, R1 = 150 millionkilometers = 150 X 10 9 m Distance between Earth and Moon, R2 = 0.384 x 109 m Distance between Earth and Sun, R3 = 1.496 x 1011 m ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (a) Force exerted by Sun on Moon, F12 = G M1 M2 / R12 = 6.67 x 10 -11 * 1.991 X 10 30 * 7.36 X 1022 / ( 150 x 10 9 ) 2 = 0.00434 X 10 23 N = 4.34 X 10 20 N ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (b) Force exerted by Earth on Moon, F32 = G M3 M2 /R2 2 = 6.67 x 10 -11 * 5.98 X 10 24 * 7.36 X 1022 / ( 0.384 x 10 9 ) 2 = 1990.9 X 10 17 N = 1.99 X 10 20 N ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ (c) Force exerted by Sun on Earth, F13 = G M1 M3 /R3 2 = 6.67 x 10 -11 * 1.991 X 10 30 * 5.98 X 1024 / ( 1.496 x 10 11 ) 2 = 35.484 X 10 21 N = 3.55 X 10 22 N
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