The orbitals speed of the Earth is greatest aroundJanuary 4 and least around Jul

Question

The orbitals speed of the Earth is greatest aroundJanuary 4 and least around July 4. (a) is the distance from theEarth to the Sun on January 4 greater than, less than, or equal toits distance from the Sun on July 4? (b) Choose the bestexplanation from among the following:
I. The Earth's orbit is circular, with equal distance from theSun at all times.
II. The Earth sweeps out equal are in equal time, thus it mustbe closer to the Sun when it is moving faster.
III. The greater the speed of the Earth, the greater itsdistance from the Sun.
I. The Earth's orbit is circular, with equal distance from theSun at all times.
II. The Earth sweeps out equal are in equal time, thus it mustbe closer to the Sun when it is moving faster.
III. The greater the speed of the Earth, the greater itsdistance from the Sun.

Explanation / Answer

a) the distance from the Earth to the Sun on January 4 is less thanits distance from the Sun on July 4. b) II. The Earth sweeps out equal area in equal time, thus it mustbe closer to the Sun when it is moving faster. (angular momentum conservation)

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