1. Be able to describe a GIS. 2. What are key cartographic elements that should
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Question
1. Be able to describe a GIS.
2. What are key cartographic elements that should be included on a map and what is the value of each?
3. What are some direct benefits of GIS?
4. What are three forms of vector-type data?
5. Describe the composition of raster-based data.
6. Understand the importance of cell size.
7. What are some of the benefits of vector and raster data types?
8. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data.
9. Why are map projections important?
10. Understand that with map projections, some features may be distorted to some degree. What features will likely be distorted?
11. Why is John Snow important in GIS?
12. What are absolute and relative locations?
13. What are GIS models?
14. How do accuracy and position differ?
15. Why is metadata important? Who should create it?
16. Why is Meades Ranch important in GIS?
17. What are the differences between the UTM and State Plane coordinate systems?
Explanation / Answer
Prob1.
As per the National Geography's definition, "A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface."
GIS allows multiple layers of information to be displayed on a single map, which couldn't be done with the regular maps. The data displayed on the map can be any spatial data related to that location, including the data about the people, such as the income, population or their education leve.
It can include the geographical information about the landscape, such as the location of streams, flora and fauna, and different kinds of soil. All other minute details of the site such as the sites of factories, farms, and schools; or storm drains, roads, and electric power lines can also be included.
Data formats of GIS
A GIS is composite of software and hardware both working together. Its application include digital data, photographic data, cartographic data or even the data available in spreadsheets. Photographical data is the major application of GIS which is used these days. The satellite with GIS use this system. The aereal photographs are taken and are processed, analysed and assessed to give the information.
Cartographical data is already in the map format, and can be feed into a GIS. The spreadsheet data generally is used to show the details of the people, such as population, income, age and other ethnical information.
This feeding of the data is known as data capture.
Once the data is fed, the GIS maps or GIS jobs can be created. GIS maps are very useful resource of information, which one can have even in their cellphone while driving a car. GIS jobs are the planning and management tools.
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