1. Answer the following questions (20 points) 1) What is drift in earthquake des
ID: 1713474 • Letter: 1
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1. Answer the following questions (20 points) 1) What is drift in earthquake design? 2) List seismic force resisting systems recognized in the IBC 2012. 3) What are the benefits of structural steel comparing with other construction materials? 4) What is the amount of carbon content used for structural steel? 5) Explain why amount of reinforcing steel is limited to 75% of balanced reinforcing steel for the reinforced concrete beam design. 2. Design a W16 section for the bending member under the loading shown. Use applicable load factors. Consider the bending and shear only. The beam is braced at the center of the beam. Use ASTM A992 steel (fy 50 ksi). (30 points) 10 kips (live load) 0.67 k/ft. (dead load 0.75 k/ft. live loa 15 ft. 30 ft 3, Based on the W16 beam from Problem #2, construct diagram showing Moment vs LD(lateral unbraced length of compression flange) assuming the beam is not braced for the entire length. Indicate Lp, Lr, Mp and Mr on the diagram. (20 points) 4. Using A992 steel, select most economical W12 section for 16 ft long column. Axial dead load and live load are 220 kips and 330 kips, respectively. The column is pinned at the top and fixed at the bottom in both directions. Use applicable load factors. Use numerical (trial and error) method and verify the results with corresponding sections of AISC Manual. (30 points)Explanation / Answer
1)
a) Drift (also know as sway) is the magnitude of the lateral displacement at the top of the building relative to its base when an earthquake excites the base of the building.
b) Seismic force resisting systems recognised by IBC 2012 are: Bearing Wall systems, Building frame systems, Moment resisiting frame systems, Dual system with special moment frame, Dual system with intermediate moment frame, shear wall frame interactive system, cantilever column system and steel system not specifically deatiled for seismic resistance.
c) Advantages: Ductile, durable, cost-effective, fast construction
d)Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel): Typically contain 0.04% to 0.30% carbon content.
Medium Carbon Steel: Typically has a carbon range of 0.31% to 0.60%, and a manganese content ranging from 0.60% to 1.65%.
High Carbon Steel: Commonly known as “carbon tool steel” it typically has a carbon range between 0.61% and 1.50%.
e) Reinforcing is kept less than 75% to ensure the strain in steel is more than the strain in concrete and the failure mode is controlled by steel yielding.
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