Go to the website http://www.radford.edu/~rsheehy/Gen_flash/popgen/. This should

Question

Go to the website http://www.radford.edu/~rsheehy/Gen_flash/popgen/. This should open a window with the population genetics simulation program we’ve used several times in class.

In two different species (bees and spiders) a large population has been fragmented into 5 subpopulations separated from each other by about a kilometer.   Because of differences in their modes of dispersal, the two species have different migration rates. We will use the simulation to determine the equilibrium divergence of populations as we let the magnitude of migration and genetic drift vary

Ill. Go to the website http://www.radford.edu/vrsheehy/Gen flash/popgen. This should open a window with the population genetics simulation program we've used several times in class. n two different species (bees and spiders) a large population has been fragmented into 5 subpopulations separated from each other by about a kilometer. Because of differences in their modes of dispersal, the two species have different migration rates. We will use the simulation to determine the equilibrium divergence of populations as we let the magnitude of migration and genetic drift vary. Directions: Leave the first box on the left unchecked, setting it to finite populations. Leave the initial frequency of A at p 0.5, number of generations at 200, and number of populations at 5. Leave fitness of all genotypes set to 1 (no selection) and leave mutation rates at 0. Now check the migration box once to select the island model. Enter the sets of parameters listed below, click Go, and observe the spread (variance) in allele frequencies of the 5 populations through time. The only evolutionary forces acting on the populations are migration and genetic drift. We are interested in the variance in allele frequencies, but as an easy alternate measure of variability, estimate the average range in allele frequencies at generation 120. In other words, what is the spread of allele frequencies between the lowest and highest population at that time, reading p values off of the Y axis (for example, highest p 30.8, lowest p 30.2, so range 30.6)? Because results will be affected by random events, run each set of parameters 8 times to get a sense of the average range. Measure the range for each set at generation 120, when populations have had a chance to reach equilibrium.

Explanation / Answer

Mutation rate is one of the population genetics parameter, that could be calculated with genetic markers to estimate the amount of "spread" of divergence of populations observed in the mentioned question.

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