Questions 4-7 The disease asthma is a disease characterized by bronchoconstricti
ID: 170831 • Letter: Q
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Questions 4-7 The disease asthma is a disease characterized by bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), airway information and excess secretion of thick mucus. Is asthma likely a restrictive disease or an obstructive disease. Predict you would expect to see on spirometry for a patient with asthma. Why should a person breathe into a paper bag when he or she is hyperventilating abnormally? A patient presents in a state of which the pH of the Wood drops) caused by poorly controlled Why does the ventilator rate increase during exercise?Explanation / Answer
Answer-
4)Asthma is an obstructive lung disease which is characterised by narrowing of the airway because of the excessive contraction of the smooth muscle.
Asthma is generally characterised by easily collapsible airway , obstacles in airway problem in exhaling and frequent clinic visit and hospitalization.
The expected values on spirometry for asthma patients will be a FEV1/FVC ratio less than o.7 ( inability to exhale 70% of breath in 1 sec.).This ratio will be more than 0.7 (70%) in normal person.
Where FEV1 is the volume of air that has been exhaled at the end of 1 sec in force expiration.It is a critical value because due to obstruction in airway FEV1 value drops.
FVC is forced vital capacity ,the determination of vital capacity from a maximally forced expiratory efforts.
5) A person should breath in papar bag when hyperventilating abnormally. During hyperventilation body receives execces amount of oxygen than required which results in respiratory alkalosis ( high blood PH). Breathing in paper bag give a maximum chance to re- breath your exhaled CO2 to balance the high pH.
6) The patient will be hypoventilating because during hypoventilation CO2 concentration in blood increase than the Oxygen,which results in the production of H+ ions in blood by the reaction given below and drops the pH of blood.
CO2 + H2O ----->H2CO3 ------>HCO3^- + H^+
This results in acidosis which is due to H+ other than CO2 in case of metabolic acidosis.
It generate a reflux to maintain blood PH normal by hyperventilation which removes CO2 by more oxygen and reduce the production on H+.
7) During exercises body muscle cells and tissues require more oxygen to produce energy which is provided by blood flowing through the muscle cells.To full fill demand of oxygen in muscle cell heart pumps speedly and thus heart rate is also increases during exercise.Blood takes oxygen from Lungs in pulmonary circulation.To meet the requirements of oxygen in body cell, heart pumps faster and thus ventilation increases to add more and more oxygen in blood when it flows through respiratory circulation.
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