(1) Who generated the first vaccine against what disease? (2) In general, how an
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(1) Who generated the first vaccine against what disease? (2) In general, how and why do vaccines work? (3) What are the differences between a live, attenuated vaccine and a dead, inactivated vaccine? What are their relative efficacies? Compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of each. What situation would necessitate that one choose a dead vaccine in place of a live one? (4) Describe all types of vaccines, and give an example of each. (5) Follow the immune response to each vaccine agent. What arms of the acquired immune system are stimulated by each? How does the immune system recognize each agent? For each vaccine type, provide all details explaining source of antigen, antigen presentation, development of memory, which types of cells become part of memory, and the end-point protective molecules or cell types created as a result of the vaccine. What happens if the wild-type pathogen is encountered after immunization? Be as specific as possible when discussing the cells and proteins involved in these subsequent immune responses.Explanation / Answer
1) The first vaccine ever created was for smallpox by Jenner. 2) Vaccines insert a small part of the virus that is not harmful to anyone with a healthy immune system. The body is able to build up an antivirus to the disease, so that if the person ever comes in contact with the virus, he already has an antibody that will destroy it. 3) Live vaccine = small part of the virus that is still living. Anyone with a healthy immune system will be able to build an antivirus against it. BUT people are seceptable to give the disease to family/friends. It can be dangerous for a person with a weak immune system. Dead = dead virus. Body recognizes that a virus is in the body, and the immune system builds up an antivurus.
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