31. The differences between humans and chimps are largely due to: a. The larger

Question

31. The differences between humans and chimps are largely due to:

a. The larger number of genes in the human genome

b. Unique genes found only in the human genome

c. Differences in gene regulation

d. Unique genes found only in the chimp genome

33. How do cells change the orientation of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

a. By increasing the fluidity of the lipid bilayer.

b. By using enzymes which rotate phospholipids through the bilayer (flippases).

c. By budding and fusing of membrane vesicles.

d. By temporary breaks in the bilayer that release the phospholipids from the membrane.

e. The orientation of membrane phospholipids cannot be changed.

34. You want to amplify the DNA between the two stretches of sequence shown below. Of the listed primer pairs, choose the correct pair that will allow you to amplify the DNA by PCR.

5’-CTGGACGAAA----TGTAATGGTT-3’

3’-GACCTGCTTT----ACATTACCAA-5’

a. 5’-CTGGACGAAA-3’ and 5’-TGTAATGGTT-3’

b. 5’-CTGGACGAAA-3’ and 5’-AACCATTACA-3’

c. 5’-TTTCGTCCAG-3’ and 5’-TGTAATGGTT-3’

d. 5’-GACCTGCTTT-3’ and 5’-ACATTACCAA-3’

41. Ion channels

a. Allow cells to concentrate ions against a concentration gradient

b. Can be regulated by a membrane voltage, a specific ligand or a mechanical stress

c. Are nonspecific for Na+, K+, or Ca++

d. Are examples of peripheral membrane proteins

Explanation / Answer

The differences between humans and chimps are largely due to:-

C. Difference in Gene regulation

Explanation:-As we know that there is highest similarity in the genome of human and chimps. But the expression of genome system also matters. Genome expression is regulated in different mode in both species. Hence they have different protein level and there function also.

How do cells change the orientation of phospholipids in the plasma membrane:-

E. The orientation of membrane phospholipids cannot be changed.

3.   You want to amplify the DNA between the two stretches of sequence shown below. Of the listed primer pairs, choose the correct pair that will allow you to amplify the DNA by PCR.

5’-CTGGACGAAA----TGTAATGGTT-3’

3’-GACCTGCTTT----ACATTACCAA-5’

B. 5’-CTGGACGAAA-3’ and 5’-AACCATTACA-3’

Explanation: - Forward primer will be same as of set of sequence present on 5’ end and reverse primer will be reverse complimentary to the set of sequence selected from 3’ end for primer designing.

Ion channels

B. Can be regulated by a membrane voltage, a specific ligand or a mechanical stress.

Explanation: - Ion channel regulation carried by stimulus generated after binding of small molecule which can change the voltage across the membrane. This voltage change can be sensed by charged molecule of channel proteins. These channels provide the Ionic current which helps in activation of neural activity and synaptic transmission and muscle contraction. Some of the ion channels are regulating the cell migration and cell cycle.

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