Review lung compliance and airway resistance under normal and pathophysiological

Question

Review lung compliance and airway resistance under normal and pathophysiological conditions by placing the correct term into each blank. surfactant Emphysema Surface tension decreases cystic fibrosis increases asthma attack Thickening of the lung tissues, as occurs with the disease _____, decreases lung compliance. Increased concentration of _____ secreted by type II alveolar cells increases lung compliance. _____ within the fluid layer lining the alveoli decreases lung compliance. _____ is characterized by the destruction of the alveolar walls leading to increases in compliance. Decreased diameter of bronchioles due to airway inflammation, as occurs during a(n) _____, decreases air flow. Increased resistance of bronchioles due to excessive mucus production from chronic bronchitis _____ air flow. Bronchodilation _____ air flow.

Explanation / Answer

Surfactant : secreted by type 2 alveolar cells, increases compliance.

Emphysema : destruction of alveolar walls, leading to increase in compliance. Due to excessive smoking

Surface tension : within the fluid layer decreases compliance

Decreases : increased resistance of bronchioles due to excessive mucus production from chronic bronchitis decreases air flow

Cystic fibrosis: thickening of lung tissue decreases compliance.

Increases : bronchodilation increases air flow

Asthma attack : decreased diameter of bronchioles due to air way inflammation occcurs due to asthma attack, decreases air flow

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