A 6-year-old child presents with ecchymosis, prolonged bleeding upon minor traum

Question

A 6-year-old child presents with ecchymosis, prolonged bleeding upon minor trauma, low-grade fever, weight loss, headache, and fatigue. These symptoms manifested after the child's recovery from a viral infection. The client is given prednisone and intravenous immunoglobulin to prevent bleeding, but the platelet count continues to drop. The subsequent plan of care will include which measures? Select all that apply. 1 Anagrelide 2 Hydroxyurea 3 Splenectomy 4 Whole-blood transfusions 5 Aggressive immunosuppressive medications

Explanation / Answer

Ecchymosis is the presence of red inflammed patches on the skin arising due to allergic responses due to bacteria, fungi or virus infection.Further it leads to fever, bleeding, fatigue, headahe and weight loss. The disease can be caused by dengue mosquito which causes the transmission of dengue virus leading to hemmorhagic fever and bleeding.Prednisone is a corticosteroid given to suppress the immune response of the human body and prevent inflammation and the secretion of interleukines and cytokines by immune defence cells like T-cells, B-cells. and WBC. Further specific immunglobulins are given for specific foreign antigenic epitopes which cause inflammation and infection of skin due to accumulation of RBC,WBC, monocytes, macrophages,platelets, T-cells and B-cells at the site of infection with virus.

Further purpurea (purple,blue ,red spots on the skin)develops on the skin(Henoch-schnolein purpura with IgA nephropathy  due to other virus infections like herpes virus,cox virus parvovirus,cytomegalovirus,rubella virus etc.

Answer-5--Agressive immunosuppressive medications should be used.Various immunosuppressants therapy is given like acyclovir, ciclosporin, cyclophosphamide etc during thrombocytopenia.

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