Normal fertility is usually associated with which of the following? A. Partial c
ID: 163511 • Letter: N
Question
Normal fertility is usually associated with which of the following?
A. Partial chromosomal duplication
B. Paracentric inversion
C. Pericentric inversion
D. Reciprocal translocation
Now consider a hypomorphic allele uanhypo , which produces 20 units of active protein product per cell. Still assuming that 60 units of active enzyme are required to process caffeine normally, and uan+ produces 50 units of active protein per cell, which allele will be dominant in a uan+ /uanhypo heterozygote?
A. uan+
B. uanhypo
C. Neither
p53 is a typically considered a tumor suppressor gene because it negatively regulates cell division in response to DNA damage and stress. Dominant negative alleles of p53 that interfere with its wild-type function could cause cancer in:
A. homozygotes
B. heterozygotes
C. both
D. neither
Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulates cell division in fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and glial cells. Tumors from breast cancer patients are often heterozygous for mutant alleles that produce higher levels of PDGF than wild-type alleles. Which of the following statements DOES NOT accurately accurate describe cancer causing alleles of PDGF?
A. They are gain of function alleles
B. They are hypermorphs
C. They are neomorphs
D. They are dominant negative alleles
E. They are oncogenes
Based on its dominance over the null allele, what can be concluded about wild-type allele?
A. It is haplosufficient
B. It is haploinsufficient
C. A single copy of the allele makes enough enzyme to confer the wild-type phenotype
D. It will always be dominant
How would you describe the dominance relationship between the Himalayan (c h ) and Chinchilla (c ch) alleles?
A. cch is partially dominant over ch (cch > ch )
B. ch is partially dominant over cch (ch > cch )
C. They are codominant (ch cch )
D. None of the above
If you define Chinchilla (cch) as partially dominant to Himalayan (ch) how do you describe the dominance relationship of the allelic series?
A. C > cch ch > c
B. c > cch ch > C
C. C > cch > ch > c
D. c > ch > cch > C
If you define Chinchilla (cch) and Himalayan (ch ) as codominant how do you describe the dominance relationship of the allelic series?
A. C > cch ch > c B. c > cch ch > C C. C > cch > ch > c D. c > ch > cch > C
Consider the following relationships between genotype and phenotype for four different alleles of the tumor suppressor gene p53 (+, A, B, and C) . Describe the dominance relationships for this allelic series.
A. + > A > B > C
B. C > A > B > +
C. + > C > B > A
D. C > + > B > A
genotype phenotype +/+ normal cell division A/A colon cancer (average onset 40) B/B colon cancer (average onset 70) C/C Colon cancer (average onset 10) +/A normal cell division +/B normal cell division +/C Colon cancer (average onset 30) A/B colon cancer (average onset 60) A/C colon cancer (average onset 20) B/C colon cancer (average onset 25)
Many women with mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 will suffer from breast or ovarian cancer at some point in their life. Doctors cannot predict which patients will develop cancer and which patients won’t. Which term best describes the relationship between BRCA1 (or BRCA2) and cancer?
A. Incomplete Penetrance
B. Variable Expressivity
C. Both
D. Neither
Coat color in Labrador retrievers is determined by two alleles at each of two loci Bb and Ee. Monohybrid crosses between BbEe individuals produce 9:3:4 black:chocolate:yellow offspring. What can be concluded about the B and E genes with respect to coat color?
A. They are epistatic
B. They are not epistatic
C. They are in the same biochemical pathway
D. They are in different biochemical pathways
When BbEe and bbee individuals reproduce, what are the expected phenotypic ratios of their offspring? A. 1:2:1 black:brown:yellow
B. 1:1:2 black:brown:yellow
C. 9:6:1 black:brown:yellow
D. 9:1:6 black:brown:yellow
You have discovered two different alleles (a and b) which, when homozygous, cause colon cancer in mice. You intercross two pure breeding strains for each allele, and discover that their offspring still get cancer. Which of following statements is true regarding these alleles?
A. They complement each other
B. They do not complement each other
C. They are alleles of the same gene
D. They are not alleles of the same gene
In the complementation analysis on the previous slide we discovered five complementation groups among 9 alleles that influence Drosophila eye color. At a minimum how many genes influence eye color? A. 5
B. 9
C. Not enough information
Consider the phenotypic variance in weight reported for two pure breeding parental strains of cattle P1 and P2 and their F1 and F2 offspring, reported in the table below. What is the average genetic variance VG for cattle weight?
A. 900
B. 1400
C. 300
D. 200
Consider the phenotypic variance in weight reported for two pure breeding parental strains of cattle P1 and P2 and their F1 and F2 offspring, reported in the table below. What is the broad sense heritability (H2) of cattle weight in this experiment?
A. 0.4
B. 0.67
C. 0.6
D. 0.2
Consider two alleles at the same locus A1 and A2, that additively influence human height. Men who are homozygous for A1 are 5’6” on average. Men who are homozygous for A2 are 6’1” on average. What is the average expected height of a heterozygote?
A. Between 5’6” and 6’1”
B. 6’1”
C. 5’6”
D. 5’9.5”
How many phenotypic classes are expected for a trait that is determined additively by 10 genes, each of which has two additive alleles.
A. 2
B. 10
C. 21
D. The number of phenotypic classes cannot be predicted
How many phenotypic classes are expected for a trait that is determined non-additively by 10 genes, each of which has two epistatic alleles.
A. 2
B. 10
C. 21
D. The number of phenotypic classes cannot be predicted
You are selectively breeding chickens to produce more eggs. Starting with population of chickens that lays 10 eggs per day, you allow only those chickens that lay 12 eggs per day to reproduce. The offspring of your selected chickens lay 11.5 eggs per day. What is the narrow sense heritability h2 of your trait?
A. 0.75
B. 0.25
C. 1.67
D. 1
If you are selecting a population for selective breeding, what two features would best ensure a large response to selection?
A. high VP
B. high VG
C. high H2
D. high h2
E. low VP
F. low VG
G. low H2
H. low h2
Which of the following statements about IS (insertion sequence) elements is false?
A. IS elements carry only the genetic information necessary for their own transposition.
B. IS elements include inverted terminal repeat sequences on each side of a transposase gene.
C. IS elements generate mutations by insertion into genes.
D. Transposition of IS elements requires expression of transposase encoded outside of the IS element.
You are carrying out an experiment inspired by Lederberg’s conjugation experiment. You mix two auxotrophic strains: one is pro-, thr-, and the other is leu-, cys-. What supplements must be added to minimal media to obtain recombinant strains?
A. Proline and leucine
B. Leucine and cysteine
C. None
D. Proline, threonine, leucine and cysteine
E. Proline and threonine
Which of the following conjugations will produce the highest frequency of recombinants among the progeny?
A. F+ x F
B. F’ x F+
C. Hfr x F+
D. Hfr x F-
How is an F donor cell generated?
A. By integration of the F-plasmid into the bacterial chromosome
B. By aberrant excision of the Fplasmid from an Hfr chromosome
C. By the normal, precise excision of the F-plasmid from an Hfr chromosome
D. By the complete transfer of the Fplasmid from an F+ donor to a Frecipient cell
Which protein removes the RNA primer from nascent DNA in E. coli?
A. DNA Polymerase III
B. DNA Polymerase I
C. Primase
D. DNA ligase
Indicate the RNA that would be transcribed from the following template strand: 5’- ATTGCT – 3’
A. 5’ – UAACGA – 3’
B. 3’ – UAACGA – 5’
C. 5’ – AUUGCU – 3’
D. 3’ – AUUGCU – 5’
Indicate the RNA that would correspond to the following coding (nontemplate) strand: 5’- ATTGCT – 3’ A. 5’ – UAACGA – 3’
B. 3’ – UAACGA – 5’
C. 5’ – AUUGCU – 3’
D. 3’ – AUUGCU – 5’
The nucleotide 10 bp upstream of the transcription start site (TSS) is in what position?
A. +10
B. -10
Which of the following best describes the function of the -35 and -10 consensus sequences in prokaryotic transcription?
A. Recognition by the core RNA polymerase enzyme
B. Recognition by the sigma subunit
C. Transcriptional initiation
D. Chain elongation
Which protein complex is responsible for recognizing promoters in eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II (pol II)?
A. Transcription factor IID
B. TATA associated factor (TAF)
C. TATA-box
D. RNA polymerase II
Human cells produce over 100,000 distinct polypeptides but contain 20,000 genes. How is this possible?
A. Some genes have multiple promoters and transcription start sites
B. Exons can be alternatively spliced into and out of mRNAs from the same gene
C. Some genes have alternative sites of polyadenylation
D. All of the above
Explanation / Answer
ans c
Pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 has become so common in people, that cytogenecists have started considering it as normal these days. It includes the centromere of the chromosome.
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