Help, I\'ve tried these many times. The first set is hard and I keep getting par

Question

Help, I've tried these many times. The first set is hard and I keep getting partial or incorrect. The last two picks are the smae but im showing the differnt responses I tried. I also tried "no CO2 is fixed in the light reactions " alone and I got 0 points. Thanks in advance!!

U/1 pts Question 1 ATP synthetase is powered by a electrochemica gradient powered by the transfer of hydrogen ions Answer 1: electrochemical Answer 2: hydrogen ions l Partial Question 2 0.5 /1 pts In normal conditions: High concentration of protons is present in the matrix Low concentration of protons is present in the intermembrane ETCallows protons to be pumped from the matrix into the ntermembrane Answer 1: matrix Answer 2: intermembrane space Answer 3: matrix Answer 4. intermembrane space Partial Question 3 0.33 1 pts Why do we need electron transport chain? Cytochrome c is a cofactor of various enzymes for both glycolysis and citric acid cycle (e.g., phosphoglycerate kinase and isocitrate dehydrogenase) The proton gradient created through the electron transport chain can be used to turn the ATP synthase, which in turn can synthesize ATP. lt frees NAD and FAD, to be reused in the TCA and the electron transport chain. Technically we don't need the electron transport chain; glycolysis and TCA creates all the ATP that we need. Electron transport chain's purpose is to squeeze every last bit of ATP we can synthesize with a minor net gain. Because a great deal of energy is stored in NADH and FADH2, which are formed in glycolysis and citric acid cycle.

Explanation / Answer

In the first question answer is electrochemical gradient and hydrogen ion.An electrochemical gradient is the potential that can move ion across a membrane when there is a difference in the concentration of chemical and charge across the membrane.Hydrogen ion are transported from stroma to thylakoid lumen which generates proton motive force and ATP is generated by ATP synthase.

2) In normal condition high concentration of hydrogen ion is in intermembrane and low concentration is in matrix that's why the pH of the matrix is high.There is active transport of hydrogen ion from low to high using complex 1,3 and 4 of mitochondria.and when proton motive force is generated then it starts to flow from high to low by passive transport using complex 5 or ATP synthase.ETC allowed protons to be pumped from matrix to intermembrane.

3)We need electron transport chain because the proton gradient created through the electron transsport chain can be used to turn ATP synthase which in turn can synthesis ATP and because a great deal of energy is stored on NADH and FADH2 which are formd during glycolysis and citric acid cycle.along with the transport of electron there is a tranport of hydrogen ion which generates proton motive force and generates ATP. AND NAD+ and FAD recieves electron and convert into NADH and FADH2 which are the source of enery.

1)The false statement are :The ultimate electron acceptor is H2O because ultimate electron acceptor in light reaction is NADP+ which after accepting electron converts into NADPH.water is an electron donor which in the presence of light gives electron, hydrogen ion and oxygen molecule.

Carbon dioxide is fixed in dark reaction not in light reaction.

other false statement is :The ultimate source for the electron is oxygen, it is wrong because water is the ultimate source of electron. 2 molecules of water breaks into oxygen molecules , 4H+ and 4e.

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