22) During the Cambrian, Trilobites developed a flexible exoskeleton which allow
ID: 161038 • Letter: 2
Question
22) During the Cambrian, Trilobites developed a flexible exoskeleton which allowed them to ________. A) avoid being eaten by other creatures
B) sink to the bottom of shallow ponds to find food
C) climb trees and find food
D) eat smaller life forms by crushing them in their jaws E) burrow in soft sediment to find food
23) Birds evolved from ________. A) archaeopteryx
B) apatosaurus
C) gymnosperms
D) tree-climbing amphibians E) pterosaurs
24) Human ancestors developed the tendency to walk on two legs instead of four in order to accommodate ________.
A) running across hot ash beds in Tanzania B) picking fruit
C) hunting and gathering food in grasslands
D) climbing trees in the forests E) riding elephants
25) The major adaptions that made it possible for mammals to evolve into their modern forms included all of the following except ________.
A) they developed specialized teeth to adapt to a varied diet B) they became significantly larger
C) their brains increased in capacity
D) they developed specialized limbs to adapt to a varied life style E) they developed a more efficient respiratory system
26) The cyanobacteria were
A) responsible for introducing substantial amounts of oxygen into Earth's atmosphere. B) a group of heterotrophic bacteria.
C) chemoautotrophs.
D) the earliest known prokaryotes.
27) Humans are
A) chemoautotrophs. B) heterotrophs. C) autotrophs. D) archaeans.
28) Which of the following statements regarding the origin of life is false?
A) Miller and Urey generated amino acids and many other organic molecules by shooting electric sparks
through a model of Earth's early atmosphere.
B) When certain lipids are added to water, they spontaneously form structures that resemble cell membranes. C) The first genes were probably made of DNA, not RNA.
D) Life originated on an Earth whose atmosphere contained no oxygen.
29) The work of ________ finally convinced the scientific world that life did not arise through spontaneous generation.
A) Louis Pasteur C) Charles Darwin
B) Jean Baptiste Lamarck
D) Antony van Leeuwenhoek
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30) The endosymbiotic theory suggests that the following eukaryotic structures were derived from prokaryotes living inside early eukaryotes:
A) the nucleus. B) the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. C) the mitochondria and chloroplasts. D) all eukaryotic organelles, but not the nucleus.
31) Which scientist played an important role in the history of biology for promoting the idea that species changed over time (although he attributed this change over time to an incorrect mechanism)?
A) Jean Baptiste Lamarck B) Charles Darwin C) Charles Lyell D) Thomas Malthus
32) Which scientist led Darwin to his great idea about the cause of evolutionary change by observing that human populations grow much faster than available food supplies and that famine was an inevitable feature of human existence?
A) Thomas Malthus C) Charles Darwin
33) All the following traits are heritable in humans except A) hair color. B) eye color.
34) The number of arms humans have is A) variable but not heritable.
C) heritable but not variable.
35) Natural selection may favor traits that help organisms A) successfully raise offspring.
C) survive.
B) Charles Lyell
D) Jean Baptiste Lamarck
C) hair length.
B) neither heritable nor variable.
D) both heritable and variable. B) acquire mates.
D) all of the above
Explanation / Answer
22. (A) to avoid being eaten by other creatures
23. (A) archaeopteryx
24. (C) hunting and gathering food in grasslands
26. (E) they developed a more efficient respiratory system
26. (A) responsible for introducing substantial amounts of oxygen into Earth's atmosphere.
27. (B) heterotrophs
28. (B) When certain lipids are added to water, they spontaneously form structures that resemble cell membranes.
They form phospholipids. Phospholipids like to line up and arrange themselves into two parallel layers called phospholipid bilayer .This layer makes up your cell membranes and is critical to a cell's ability to function.
29. (A) Louis Pasteur
30. (B) the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
31. (B) Charles Darwin
32. (A) Thomas Malthus
33. (C) Hair length
34. (A) variable but not heritable
35. Natural selection may favor traits that help organisms (A) successfully raise offspring.
(C) survive. (B) acquire mates.. Answer is (D) All the above
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