1). Where is there sinking in the thermohaline circulation? Select all that appl
ID: 159810 • Letter: 1
Question
1). Where is there sinking in the thermohaline circulation? Select all that apply.
2). Which of the following is a cause of the sinking motion in the thermohaline circulation?
3). Knowing the average salinity in the world’s ocean is approximately 35‰ (35 g/kg), approximately how much salt would be left behind if 10 gallons of sea water were to evaporate? Assume all salt in the gallon of sea water is left behind.
4). Which of the following is NOT affected by changes in the cryosphere? Select all that apply.
5). At 27C (or about 80F) if the pressure is allowed to vary, in what form can water be found? Select all that apply.
a. Around the ArcticExplanation / Answer
1). Where is there sinking in the thermohaline circulation?
Answer:: (b) Around Antarctic
Explanation:: Winds drive ocean currents in the upper 100 meters of the ocean’s surface. However, ocean currents also flow thousands of meters below the surface. These deep-ocean currents are driven by differences in the water’s density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This process is known as thermohaline circulation.
In the Earth's polar regions ocean water gets very cold, forming sea ice. As a consequence the surrounding seawater gets saltier, because when sea ice forms, the salt is left behind. As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink. Surface water is pulled in to replace the sinking water, which in turn eventually becomes cold and salty enough to sink. This initiates the deep-ocean currents driving the global conveyer belt.The basic thermohaline circulation is one of sinking of cold water in the polar regions, chiefly in the northern North Atlantic and near Antarctica.
2). Which of the following is a cause of the sinking motion in the thermohaline circulation?
Answer:: (c) Instability due to heating at the surface
Explanation::
The changing climatic conditions and the increased freshwater influx in the Polar Regions have seen sea ice retreats from the coastline of Arctic countries by between 150 km and 200 km. According to the International Panel on Climate Change, by 2050 the sea ice might retreat up to 800 km as a result of global warming. The loss of ice in the Polar Regions could lead to a sudden acceleration of global warming, as ice reflects radiation or heat from the sun back into space. The absence of sea ice combined with deep ocean warming will see more evaporation and rainfall occurring in these sensitive regions, which in turn will speed up sea ice loss.
The retreat and loss of sea ice in the Polar Regions will also have a harmful impact on the many species living in the regions. Polar bears, for example, need ice so that they can hunt for seals. A loss of sea ice could make it harder for these animals to acquire enough food. Pregnant females and those with cubs may be particularly at risk. The species of seal that need ice for resting or pup rearing will also be at risk.
3). Knowing the average salinity in the world’s ocean is approximately 35‰ (35 g/kg), approximately how much salt would be left behind if 10 gallons of sea water were to evaporate? Assume all salt in the gallon of sea water is left behind.
Answer:: (d) 1.08 kg of salt
1 US gallon of water = 8.3452641 pounds or 3.7854118 kilograms
Now 10 gallons of sea water =10*3.7854 = 37.54 kilograms
Now how much salt would be left behind if 10 gallons of sea water were to evaporate?
= 37.54/35 = 1.08 Kg of salt.
4). Which of the following is NOT affected by changes in the cryosphere?
Answer :: (a) The mean albedo of the Earth
Explantaion:: There are places on Earth that are so cold that water is frozen solid. These areas of snow or ice, which are subject to temperatures below 32°F for at least part of the year, compose the cryosphere. The term “cryosphere” comes from the Greek word, “krios,” which means cold.
Ice and snow on land are one part of the cryosphere. This includes the largest parts of the cryosphere, the continental ice sheets found in Greenland and Antarctica, as well as ice caps, glaciers, and areas of snow and permafrost. When continental ice flows out from land and to the sea surface.
The other part of the cryosphere is ice that is found in water. This includes frozen parts of the ocean, such as waters surrounding Antarctica and the Arctic. It also includes frozen rivers and lakes, which mainly occur in polar areas.The components of the cryosphere play an important role in the Earth’s climate. Snow and ice reflect heat from the sun, helping to regulate our planet’s temperature. Because polar regions are some of the most sensitive to climate shifts, the cryosphere may be one of the first places where scientists are able to identify global changes in climate.
5). At 27C (or about 80F) if the pressure is allowed to vary, in what form can water be found?
Answer:: (b) Liquid form
Explantion:: At temeperature 250C (or about 800F) If the pressure is allowed to chnages then, Warm room might be at this temperature and it feels looks like a Warm to hot.Finally it is a Typical maximum temperature for summer.Where as Water is in Liquid Form only.
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