4. Slow compression Another cylinder, with its piston locked in place, has been

Question

4. Slow compression Another cylinder, with its piston locked in place, has been in the ice water bath for a long LOCKED time. A physics student then pushes the piston inward very slowly, in such a way that the gas is always in thermal equilibrium with the ice water. a. Does each of the following quantities increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain your reasoning 1. The temperature ice water 2. The internal energy 3· The volume 4. The pressure b. Is the work done on the gas by the piston positive, negative, or zero? Explain. c. Is the heat transferred to the gas positive, negative, or zero? Explain. d. Explain how your answers to the two questions above are consistent with the first law of thermodynamics e. If a gas has heat transferred to it, does that always change its temperature? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

Part a)

In this process, piston will rise automatically just like free expansion. So, the process can be considered as isothermal. Hence,

1) temperature remain constant since it is an isothermal process.

2) Since, temperature remains constant, then there is no change in internal energy.

3) volume will increase.

4) pressure will remain constant for free expansion.

part b)

since the process is free expansion work done in system is positive.

part c)

heat is given to system so it is considered as positive heat.

part d)

heat supplied to system is used to do work without change in internal energy so it will be consistent with first law of thermodynamics.

part e)

if process is isothermal then its not necessary that heat given will give rise to increase in temperature.

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