Social Science Sociology Question What are the definitions to these terms in ref
ID: 158530 • Letter: S
Question
Social Science
Sociology Question
What are the definitions to these terms in reference to the book "You May Ask Yoursef" by Dalton Conley?
1. Social Groups
2. Political Relations within Triads
3. Group Size
4. Reference Group
5. Embeddedness
6. Strength of Weak Ties
7. Structural Holes
8. Iron Cage
9. Groupthink and Asch experiment
10. Putnam's ideas about Social Capital
11. Network Analysis of Romantic Relationships
12. Institutional Isomorphism
13. Informal and Formal Deviance and Crime
14. Social Control
15. Suicide and Social Integration (Durkheim)
16. Anomie
17. Stigma
18. White-Collar, Corporate and Street Crime
19. Stanford prison experiment
20. Social Animal - Plastic Brain
21. 5 methods of sociological research
22. Model of human behavior: biology + culture + choice = behavior
23. Deviance is always based on social context
24. "Chimpanzees don't build libraries"
25. Tocqueville’s "Land of Joiners"
26. Weber's theory on the origin of modern societies
27. Three stages of social movements
28. Four types of social movements
29. Identity and collective action
30. Collective action vs. social movement
31. Theories of collective action
32. Smelser's six conditions for a successful social movement
Explanation / Answer
1.A social group consists of two or more people who regularly interact and share a sense of unity and common identity. In other words, it's a group of people who see each other frequently and consider themselves a part of the group. Except in rare cases, we all typically belong to many different types of social groups.
2.In sociology a triad is a group of three people. It is one of the simplest human groups that can be studied and is mostly looked at by microsociology.
3.Size (the number of people involved) is an important characteristic of the groups, organizations, and communities in which social behavior occurs.
4.A reference group is a group to which an individual or another group is compared. Sociologists call any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior a reference group.
5.Embeddedness refers to the degree to which economic activity is constrained by non-economic institutions. The term was created by economic historian Karl Polanyi as part of his Substantivist approach.
6.Interpersonal ties, generally, come in three varieties: strong, weak, or absent. Weak social ties, it is argued, are responsible for the majority of the embeddedness and structure of social networks in society as well as the transmission of information through these networks.
7.Non-redundant information is most often obtained through contacts in different clusters. When two separate clusters possess non-redundant information, there is said to be a structural hole between them.
8. In sociology, the iron cage is a term coined by Max Weber for the increased rationalization inherent in social life, particularly in Western capitalist societies. The "iron cage" thus traps individuals in systems based purely on teleological efficiency, rational calculation and control.
9.In psychology, the Asch conformity experiments or the Asch Paradigm refers to a series of studies directed by Solomon Asch studying if and how individuals yield to or defy a majority group and the effect of such influences on beliefs and opinions.
10.In sociology, social capital is the expected collective or economic benefits derived from the preferential treatment and cooperation between individuals and groups.
11.An intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship that involves physical or emotional intimacy. Physical intimacy is characterized by romantic or passionate attachment or sexual activity.
12.In sociology, an isomorphism is a similarity of the processes or structure of one organization to those of another, be it the result of imitation or independent development under similar constraints. There are three main types of institutional isomorphism: normative, coercive and mimetic.
13.Picking one's nose is an example of informal deviance. Deviance is any behavior that violates cultural norms. Deviance is often divided into two types of deviant activities. The first, crime is the violation of formally enacted laws and is referred to as formal deviance.
14.Social control is a concept within the disciplines of the social sciences and within political science. Sociologists who study deviance and crime examine cultural norms, how they change over time, how they are enforced, and what happens to individuals and societies when norms are broken.
15.The term suicide is applied to all cases of death resulting directly or indirectly from a positive or negative act of the victim himself, which he knows will produce this result.
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