Answer and why A ray light from air (n_air = 1.0) refracts into a pool of water

Question

Answer and why

A ray light from air (n_air = 1.0) refracts into a pool of water (n_water = 1.33). The angle of incidence is 30 degree. Which of the following statements is true? The ray of light travels in a straight line into the water at the same speed. The ray of light bends away from the normal in the water and travels faster. The ray of light bends away from the normal in the water and travels slower. The ray of light bends toward the normal in the water and travels at the same speed. The ray of light bends toward the normal in the water and travels slower.

Explanation / Answer

e) The ray of light bends toward the normal in the water and travels slower

use Snell's law

sin(theta_i)/sin(theta_r) = n2/n1

sin(30)/sin(theta_r) = 1.33/1

sin(theta_r) = sin(30)1/1.33

theta_r = sin^-1(0.376)

= 22 degrees

so light bends towards the normal
velocity of light in water, v_water = c/n_watrer

= 3*10^8/1.33

= 2.26*10^8 m/s

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