A hydrogen atom consists of a proton nucleons and an orbiting electron, each car

Question

A hydrogen atom consists of a proton nucleons and an orbiting electron, each carrying the fundamental charge of magnitude q = 1.60 times 10^-19 C. Assuming that the electron orbit is circular and the separation between the particles is d = 5.30 times 10^-11 m, compute (a) the force of electrical attraction between the particles, and (b) the gravitational force of attraction between the particles. (c) Which force is larger? How many times one force is larger? What does this result tell us about the nature of our world. You must give a clear explanation to get marks for this section. Note that the mass of the electron is m_c = 9.11 times 10^-31 kg, and the mass of proton is m_p = 1.67 times 10^-27 kg.

Explanation / Answer

a) electric force is F = k*q1*q2/d^2

k = 9*10^9 N-m^2/C^2

q1 = q2 = 1.6*10^-19 C

d = 5.3*10^-11 m

then Fe = k*q1*q2/d^2 = (9*10^9*(1.6*10^-19)^2)/(5.3*10^-11)^2 = 8.202*10^-8 N

b) Gravitational force of attaction is F = G*m1*m2/d^2

m1 = 9.11*10^-31 Kg

and m2 = 1.67*10^-27 Kg

then

F = (6.67*10^-11*9.11*10^-31*1.67*10^-27)/(5.3*10^-11)^2

Fg = 3.62*10^-47 N

c) Electric force of attraction is larger than gravitational force

Fe/Fg= (8.202*10^-8)/(3.62*10^-47)

Fe = 2.26*20^39 times larger than Fg

In nature electric forces are more stronger than gravitational forces

Gravitaional forces are the weak forces in nature

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