7) In gel electrophoresis, which ofthe following DNA fragments would travel the

Question

7) In gel electrophoresis, which ofthe following DNA fragments would travel the farthest distance fromthe sample well? A) AT B) ATCCCGATTGCACGTT C) ATCCCG D) ATCCCGAT E) ATCC 8) Which type of cloning vecotroccurs in nature? A) Plasmids and cosmids B) Plasmids and bacteriophages C) plasmids and BACs D) Bacteriophages and cosmids E) YACS and BACs 7) In gel electrophoresis, which ofthe following DNA fragments would travel the farthest distance fromthe sample well? A) AT B) ATCCCGATTGCACGTT C) ATCCCG D) ATCCCGAT E) ATCC 8) Which type of cloning vecotroccurs in nature? A) Plasmids and cosmids B) Plasmids and bacteriophages C) plasmids and BACs D) Bacteriophages and cosmids E) YACS and BACs

Explanation / Answer

7) In a gel electrophoresis, your samples are separated only bysize (molecular weight). By running an electric current, whichgenerates an electromotive force, you can separate molecules bytheir charge/mass ratio. Generally speaking, something that has asmaller molecular weight will travel further. I'd go withA) 8) Plasmids are definitely used by bacteria like e.coli to dohorizontal gene transfers. This occurs by conjugation, where onecell will initiate cell-cell contact by poking another one with apilus (think syringe needle), and then a plasmid will replicate andshoot through the pilus into the receiving cell. The other one is bacteriophage. It's a virus that injects its owngenetic material, hijacking the host cell to integrate andreplicate its own DNA/RNA. The others are artificial, and do not occur in nature, thoughthey're derived from nature. BAC and YAC are, by definition,articifial cloning vectors. Cosmids are also artificial, sinceyou're taking whatever gene you want, splicing it into that of alambda phage and using that to shoot into e.coli. I'd go for B

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