A. The analysis of a woody biomass from California is reported as follows (wt. %

Question

A. The analysis of a woody biomass from California is reported as follows (wt. %)

Moisture 38.6%

Volatile Matter 80.9%

Fixed Carbon 18.3%

Ash 0.8%

Carbon 50.7%

Hydrogen 5.7%

Sulfur 0.09%

Oxygen 42.94%

Nitrogen 0.57%

Calculate the “as received”, “dry”, “dry-ash-free” proximate and ultimate analysis. (20 Points)

B.The analysis of a coal is reported as follows (wt. %)

Moisture 2.8%

Volatile Matter 26.8%

Fixed Carbon 66.1%

Ash 4.3%

Carbon 82.0%

Hydrogen 5.1%

Sulfur 0.8%

Oxygen 6.0%

Nitrogen 1.2%

HHV 14,430 BTU/lb (as received)

a) Calculate “dry ash-free” proximate and ultimate analyses (10 points)

b) Determine the ASTM rank of the coal (10 points)

c)Calculate the lower heating value of the coal (10 points)

d) Estimate the calorific or heating value using Dulong formula. What is the percent difference from the measured value? (10 points)

Explanation / Answer

Part A:
Proximate Analysis::

Above calculation is done by bellow shown formula:

*Analysis on dry basis = {%A or %VM/ (100 %M)} ×100     %FC on dry basis = 100 – (%M + %A) **Analysis on dryash free basis (daf) = {%VM/{100 (%M + %A)} ×100       %FC on daf basis = 100 %VM ***Dry mineral matter free FC = (FC – 0.15 %S)/ {100 – (%M + 1.08A + 0.55 %S)}         Dry mineral matter free VM = 100 – Dry mineral matter free FC
Ultimate Analysis::

Above calculation is done based on following formula

* %H (Moist) = (%H + 2/18 %M)    and       %O (Moist) = (%O + 16/18 %M) ** % on dry basis = (100 × % element)/ (100 %M)
Note: As recived by taking the values and normilizing in terms of 100

Given Data As received Dry Basis Dry-ash free %M 38.6 27.8318552166703 - - %A 0.8 0.57682601485327 0.799280647417324 - %VM 80.9 58.3315307520369 80.8272554700769 81.4784973310505 %FC 18.3 13.1948950897685 18.2835448096713 18.4308590996072 %S 0.09 0.064892926670993 0.089919072834449 0.090643569342331 Total: 138.69 100 100 100

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