A siphon is a device that allows water to flow from one level to another. The si

Question

A siphon is a device that allows water to flow from one level to another. The siphon shown in the figure delivers water from an irrigation canal to a field of crops. To operate the siphon, it is filled with water, keeping one end in the canal and with the other end sealed, and then the sealed end is placed in the area to be irrigated. When the seal is removed the water transfer begins. After the flow is started, it continues on its own. Location 1 is taken at the surface of the canal and locations 2 and 3 are in the siphon as shown. The volume of water in the river far exceeds the amount being siphoned off. The distances are h = 0.250 m and d = 1.50 m. The diameter of the pipe is a constant D = 150 mm throughout.

Question: Physically, what causes the water to move out of the canal and up into the siphon when it is running?

Explanation / Answer

Physically Siphon works on gravity. It works like a barometer i.e. reduced pressure. atmospheric pressure and fluid pressure pushes the water up in the siphon tube to point 2 which is relatively at low pressure. Now water flows down to point 3 due to gravity.

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