(a) Determine by simple arithmetic the rate of movement of the oceanic lithosphe
ID: 152440 • Letter: #
Question
(a) Determine by simple arithmetic the rate of movement of the oceanic lithosphere over the Hawaiian hot spot.
(b) Do the rates of movement based on the three dates indicate that the movement has been consistent or variable?
Name EXERCISE 3 0 A Section Movement of the Volcanoes in the Hawaiian Ridge over the Hawaiian Hot S 1. The map of figure 6. 14 shows part of the Hawaiian Date Ridge and the absolute dates of lava along it printed in bold black numbers that represent millions of years before the present. Hawaii contains an active volcano, Kilauea, so the lava from it is zero years old. The lava on Nihoa Island is 7 million years old. Thus, according to the hot spot hypothesis, Nihoa Island was once an active volcano standing where Hawai stands today (a) Determine by simple arithmetic the rate of (b) Do the rates of movement based on the three dates indicate that the movement has been constant or variable? movement of the oceanic lithosphere over the Hawaian hot spot. Figure the rate in centimeters per year using the distances from Hawaii to each of the three dated lavas on the map of figure 6.14. Make your cdistance measurements from the center of the zero on Hawaii to the center of each of the boldface numbers on the ridge. SCALE 1:17,000,000ssongsxgBussy 500 30 N 5/00 MOGE VEN ADG SEAMOUNTS TROPIE OF CANGER 200N Figure 6.14 Map of the Hawalian Ridge in the Pacific Ocean Contour intervals, 1000 meters 266 PART VIExplanation / Answer
(a) As per the scale of the figure the distance between the Kilauea and the first place is 750 kilometers which is equal to: 750 x 1,000 x 100 centimetres = 75,000,000 centimetres
Time for this movement is 7 million years that is 7,000,000 years
Rate of movement = 75,000,000/7,000,000 = 10.715 centimetres/year
Similarly using the scale of the figure the distance between the Kilauea and the second place is 1,000 kilometers which is equal to: 1,000 x 1,000 x 100 centimetres = 100,000,000 centimetres
Time for this movement is 10 million years that is 10,000,000 years
Rate of movement = 100,000,000/10,000,000 = 10 centimetres/year
Similarly by using the scale of the figure the distance between the Kilauea and the third place is 2,100 kilometers which is equal to: 2,100 x 1,000 x 100 centimetres = 210,000,000 centimetres
Time for this movement is 20 million years that is 20,000,000 years
Rate of movement = 210,000,000/20,000,000 = 10.5 centimetres/year
(b) As per the calculations shown above the rate of lithospheric movement has been quiet consistent with very low variation (the minimum calculated value is 10 cm/yr and the maximum being 10.715 cm/yr).
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