Name the main classes of enzymes explain why they are classified that way. 2. De
ID: 152293 • Letter: N
Question
Name the main classes of enzymes explain why they are classified that way.
2. Describe the factors that influence substrate specificity.
3. Explain with examples, why enzymes exhibit extreme stereospecificity towards their substrates but their geometric substrate specificities are broad.
4. How do heavy metals exert their cellular toxicity?
5. Briefly explain the transition state theory of enzyme catalysis. Explain the significance of DG in enzyme catalyzed reactions.
6. Diagrammatically describe the "active site of an enzyme.
7. What are serine proteases? Briefly describe how the active site structure of serine proteases was derived with the aid of chemical modification and affinity labeling techniques.
8. Describe the molecular mechanism involved in hydrolysis of peptide bond by serine proteases.
9. What are zymogens? Name three zymogens of serine proteases. Explain how enzymatically active chymotrypsin is produced in the intestine.
10. What is acid-base catalysis? Describe how acids and bases catalyze tautomerization reactions with examples.
11. Name the type of reaction catalyzed by RNase A. What are the amino acid residues present in the active site of RNase A? Describe how RNase A catalyzes hydrolysis of RNA.
12. What is covalent catalysis? Explain covalent catalysis with an example. What is Schiff-base? Write its general structure.
13. Name and write the structures of four nucleophilic and electrophilic groups found in biological systems.
14. Explain metal ion enzymatic catalysis reaction using an example.
15. Explain how proximity and orientation effects bring about enzyme catalysis.
Please answer the questions in a clear detailed sentence.
Explanation / Answer
1. The main classes of enzymes are -
Enzymes are classified on the basis of the type of reaction that they catalyses .
For example , oxidoreductase are involved in oxidation and reduction reaction . Hydrolases catalyses the hydrolysis of the substances .
2. The specificity of an enzyne towards the substrate depends mainly upon -
4. Heavy metals are highly toxic ,even in less amounts .
They bind cellular components such as structural proteins, enzymes and interfere with there functions.
These causes neurological and cardiac symptoms .
5. The transition theory states that during a reaction , the substrate goes into a transition state , a state where it changes from substrate but does not become the product .
This state is corresponds to the highest energy state , and this is the most unstable state .
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