An electrocardiogram measures Answer A.chemical signals in the brain and heart.

Question

An electrocardiogram measures
Answer
A.chemical signals in the brain and heart.
B.electrical activity in the brain and heart.
C.chemical signals in the heart.
D.electrical changes in the wall of the heart.



A ______ is a condition generally caused by leaky heart valves.
Answer
A.heart murmur
B.hypertension
C.fibrillation
D.plaque


Atria are:

A.the main pumps of the heart.
B.the lower chambers of the heart
C.the holes in the heart of an invertebrate.
D.the upper chambers of the heart.


Which association is incorrect?
A.white blood cells--infection fighting
B.red blood cells--blood clotting
C.plasma--water, nutrients, and wastes
D.red blood cells--hemoglobin
E.platelets--blood clotting

In the tissues, nutrients and _______ are exchanged for _____ and other wastes.

A.blood, oxygen
B.oxygen, carbon dioxide
C.tissue fluid
D.None of these are correct.

Neutrophils and monocytes are similar in that they both
Answer
A.are types of erythrocytes.
B.result in phagocytized pathogens.
C.produce antibodies in response to pathogens.
D.release kinins which attract platelets.
E.are responsible for specific immunity.


Taking up fat from digested foods along with excess tissue fluid and returning it to cardiovascular veins is a function of the __________.
Answer
A.circulatory system
B.systemic circuit
C.lymphatic system
D.pulmonary circuit
E.cardiovascular arteries


In the figure shown here, the blood in the chamber indicated by the arrow marked with "X"
A.is a mixture of O2-poor and O2-rich blood.
B.is poor in oxygen.
C.is rich in oxygen.
D.will all be pumped to the lungs.
E.will all be pumped to the systemic capillaries of the body.

The figure shown here represents a four chambered heart. Part Z represents the ________.

A.pulmonary trunk
B.septum
C.left atrium
D.right ventricle
E.superior vena cava


The advantage of the double loop circulatory pathway of some vertebrates over the single loop circulatory pathway of fish is that
Answer
A.the blood is put back under pressure after picking up oxygen in the respiratory organ.
B.all the O2-rich is pumped to the systemic arteries of the body.
C.the O2-rich blood and O2-poor blood mixes in the single ventricle.
D.the ventricle acts as a strong pump.
E.the atria act as receiving chambers.

A heart murmur is caused by
Answer
A.blocked arteries to the heart muscle.
B.loss of oxygen to the left atrium.
C.faulty semilunar valves.
D.faulty atrioventricular valves.
E.an irregular heartbeat.


A type of parasitic worm lives in the lymph vessels of humans, blocking the flow of lymph. What symptoms would you expect in someone with such an infection?
Answer
A.the collection of tissue fluids in the areas blocked by the worms
B.the inability to fight infection
C.ventricular fibrillation
D.heart attack
E.the inability to absorb carbohydrates and proteins


The osmotic pressure and buffering capacity of the blood is maintained by the ________.
Answer
A.red blood cells
B.plasma
C.lymph
D.white blood cells
E.platelets


A neutrophil is a type of __________.

A.white blood cell
B.red blood cell
C.platelet
D.erythrocyte
E.cardiac muscle cell


One of the side effects of chemotherapy is lack of energy due to anemia. Why might erythropoietin be prescribed for a cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy?
Answer
A.Erythropoietin treats the anemia by stimulating the production of white blood cells.
B.Erythropoietin treats the anemia by stimulating the production of red blood cells.
C.Erythropoietin prevents the destruction of red blood cells, preventing the anemia.
D.Erythropoietin prevents the destruction of white blood cells, preventing the anemia.
E.Erythropoietin treats the anemia by stimulating the production of platelets.


Which of the following correctly gives the orders of events in a cardiac cycle?

A.atria contract, ventricles contract, AV valves close, ventricles relax, semilunar valves close
B.ventricles contract, AV valves close, atria contract, ventricles relax, semilunar valves close
C.ventricles relax, atria contract, ventricles relax, AV valves close, semilunar valves close
D.AV valves close, ventricles relax, atria contract, semilunar valves close, ventricles contract
E.ventricles contract, atria contract, AV valves close, ventricles relax, semilunar valves close

Both a coronary bypass operation and a stent insertion procedure are treatments used for which of the following conditions?

A.blockage of a coronary artery
B.hypertension
C.anemia
D.heart murmur
E.ventricular defibrillation


The pulmonary circuit in a closed circulatory system functions in
Answer
A.nutrient absorption from the intestine.
B.gas exchange in the lungs.
C.waste disposal in the kidneys.
D.creating proper blood pressure.
E.distribution of nutrients to the body tissues.


The contents of the digestive tract are in the form of when they pass from the stomach to the small intestine.

A.chyme
B.a bolus
C.feces
D.a small, round mass


Cleaning inhaled air involves

A.hairs.
B.cilia.
C.mucus.
D.All of these are correct


A rumen in cows

A.provides them with water.
B.provides a home for symbiotic bacteria,
C.helps them digest plant material,
D.Both b and c are correct.


Gas exchange occurs in the _______ small pockets in the bronchioles.

A.alveoli
B.tracheae
C.tonsils
D.nephrons


Both food and air travel through the

A.lungs.
B.pharynx
C.larynx.
D.trachea.



The digestion and absorption of fats differs from that of sugars and proteins in that

a.sugars and proteins must be emulsified before being digested.
b.fats are absorbed into lymphatic capillaries instead of blood capillaries.
c.sugars and proteins interact with bile salts in order for absorption to occur.
d.fats are digested primarily in the stomach.
e.fats do not require digestion before being absorbed.


A genetic defect causes the distal tubules of nephrons to malfunction. Which of the following may NOT occur during urine formation?

A.reabsorption of water and glucose
B.secretion of larger molecules which may be toxic
C.secretion of urea
D.reabsorption of amino acids
E.reabsorption of Hydrogen ion


Which of the following is the correct path urine follows from internal structures to outside the body?

A.renal cortex - urethra - urinary bladder - ureter
B.urinary bladder - renal pelvis - ureter - urethra
C.renal pelvis - ureter - urinary bladder - urethra
D.ureter - renal pelvis - urinary bladder - urethra
E.ureter - urinary bladder - renal pelvis - urethra


Which of the following is the correct pathway of air into the lungs to the site of gas exchange?
Answer
A.nasal cavity-pharynx-larynx-trachea-bronchi-bronchioles-alveoli
B.bronchi-pharynx-larynx-trachea-nasal cavity-bronchioles-alveoli
C.bronchi-pharynx-trachea-nasal cavity-bronchioles-alveoli-larynx
D.nasal cavity-alveoli-bronchioles-bronchi-trachea-larynx-pharynx
E.pharynx-trachea-nasal cavity-bronchioles-alveoli-larynx-bronchi


The first step of starch digestion is performed by

A.the tongue mixing food with saliva.
B.taste buds secreting pepsin.
C.amylase in the saliva.
D.the tongue mixing food with saliva which contains amylase.
E.glands in tongue secreting lipase.

The tracheal system of insects

A.helps remove metabolic wastes from their bodies.
B.makes a respiratory pigment in their hemolymph unnecessary.
C.relies on the expansion and contraction of the body wall to move air into and out of the system.
D.is limited to the posterior end of the body.
E.digests food and distributes nutrients to the body

It is important for sodium and chloride ions to be reabsorbed in the nephron so that

A.urea can be secreted.
B.some water will be reabsorbed through osmosis.
C.some glucose reabsorption will occur.
D.needed amino acids will be reabsorbed.
E.the pH of the blood is maintained.


If the stomach lining lacks mucus it will not efficiently absorb nutrients and can result in ________.

A.a bolus
B.acid reflux
C.heartburn
D.an ulcer
E.chyme

Explanation / Answer

a) D.electrical changes in the wall of the heart

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