Word Origins The bicuspid valve is often referred to as the mitral valve. That i

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Word Origins The bicuspid valve is often referred to as the mitral valve. That is because when it is closed, the cusps resemble a miter a tall, pointed headdress worn by bishops and other members of the clergy Semilunar means "half moon." The name refers to the half-moon shape of the cusps in the semilunar valves. MAKING CONNECTIONS A ventricular septal defect, one of the most common congenital heart defects, refers to one or more holes in the interventricular septum. Blood pressure in the left ventricle is higher than in the right ventricle. How will this condition affect the normal flow of blood through the heart? ingA&P > Study Area >Menu> Lab Tools > PAL>Cat >Car nt more practice? Go to: MasteringA&P> Study Area > Menu > Lab Tools >PAL > Cat Cardiovascular System>Sheep Heart photos

Explanation / Answer

Venticular septal defect, is a hole in the heart of muscle wall that separate the two ventricle and this wall allow movement of blood from one ventricle (Left) to the other venticle (Right). In normal condition direction of the blood movements be from left ventricle to the right ventricle.

In ventricular septal defect (VSD) during contraction of the left ventricle some of the blood pass into the right ventricle and passes through the lungs and come back to the left ventricle again via the pulmonary veins and left atrium this circular of blood increases volume and hence load of the left ventricle resulting enlargement of left atrium and left ventricle and this can lead to failure of heart.

In other way the left ventricular (systolic) pressure becomes 120 mmHg and right ventricular pressure becomes near 20 mmHg. In VSD pass of the blood through the muscle hole into the right ventricle increses the right ventricular pressure and hence volume so creation of pulmonary hypertension. If untreated then pressure of right ventricle increases in comparision to left ventricle resulted tme direction of the movement of blood becomes right ventricle to the left ventricle and the development of Eisenmenger complex, cyanosis.

Normally oxygen poor blood return to the right atrium from all body parts and move to the right ventricle and then pumped into the lungs where blood mix with oxygen and return to the left atrium from the lungs and move into the left ventricle after then blood pumped to the body parts through the aorta.

In VSD the oxygen rich blood gets backed to the lungs inspite of out to the body and lead to harder work for the heart.

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