page 6 24 a. What type of compound is Glycerol? b. What type of compound is a Fa
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page 6 24 a. What type of compound is Glycerol? b. What type of compound is a Fatty Acid? c. What is the empirical formula of a faty acid? d. What is the main difference between Glycerol and a Fatty Acid molecule? 25. Explain the difference between a saturated and unsaturated tat. 26. What is an example of a lipid that is built of saturated fats such as those found in butter and red meat? Read pages 48-5 PROTENS: The most abundant type of organic compound in cells. Proteins, which are very large and complex molecules, play a wide variety of roles in the cell. Proteins are important to cell structure, as a source of energy, make up hormones, neurohumors, enzymes, and pigments. They are important to both cell growth and repair of tissue. Important examples of proteins include hemoglobin and chlorophyll. The building blocks of proteins are amino acids. Amino acids are made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen. They may also contain sulfur Proteins are made up of many amino acid molecules bonded together by dehydration synthesis. The type of bond that forms between amino acids is called a peptide bond. It involves a carboxyl group from one molecule and an amino group from another amino acid. Two amino acids bonded together form a dipeptide. Many amino acids bonded together form polypeptides. Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptide chains bonded together to form complex three-dimensional molecules. There are 20 different types of amino acids that build the proteins found in living organisms. The amino acids can bond together in any sequence and in any combination to produce almost an infinite variety of proteins. QUESTIONS 27. The building block of a protein is called anExplanation / Answer
Ans:
a). The basic unit of lipids is a triglyceride, synthesized from glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) and fatty acids. Glycerol is a type of alcohol. Alcohols are organic compounds. This molecules are characterized by hydroxyl groups, -OH.
b). It is chemical compound. Generally, a fatty acid consists of a straight chain of an even number of carbon atoms, with hydrogen atoms along with the length of the chain and at one end of the chain and a carboxyl group (COOH) at the other end. It is that carboxyl group that makes it an carboxylic acid.
c). The emphirical formula of Fatty acid is :
CH3(CH2)xCOOH where x is the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain.
d). The difference between Glycerol and Fatty acid molecules are as follows:
Glycerol, or propan-1,2,3-triol, is an alcohol with an OH group attached to each carbon.
Fatty acids are long-chain carboxylic acids. Many lipids are formed when a glycerol molecule reacts with three fatty acids to form an ester called a triglyceride.
25. The difference between Saturated and Unsaturated Fats are as follows:
Unsaturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature. They differ from saturated fats in that their chemical structure contains one or more double bonds.This type of unsaturated fat contains two or more double bonds in their structure. They are liquid at room temperature.
Saturated fats have no double bonds in their chemical structure. They are “saturated” with hydrogen atoms. Because of their chemical structure, they have a solid consistency at room temperature.
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