Which of the following statements about the endosymbiotic theory is false? A. Eu

Question

Which of the following statements about the endosymbiotic theory is false?

A. Eukaryotic cells engulfed the ancestral bacteria from which mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived, and the two entities formed a symbiotic relationship. B. The entire genome of the ancestral bacteria has been preserved in present-day mitochondria and chloroplasts. C. Mitochondria and chloroplasts arose independently from free-living bacteria. D. The ancestral bacteria, from which mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived, were capable of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.

Explanation / Answer

endosymbiotic theory:

according to this theory mitochondria and chloroplast are one free-living bacteria.and they engulfed by ancestral eukaryotes.

it explains that mitochondria is evolved due to endocytosis of aerobic bacteria and chloroplast are evolved by endocytosis of photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria).

they are symbiotically related that means one will supply energy and the other will provide raw materials and protection. one of them is usually capable of photosynthesis and another can perform aerobic respiration. but over the evolutionary process the lose of endosymbionts has been occurred and new genome was formed by loss of functionally redundant genes, and nuclear genes are expanded and formed a complex gene structure.

so, the correct answer is "B". because the entire ancestral genome has been not preserved in present-day mitochondria and chloroplasts.

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