The Horseshoe Falls on the Niagara River is about 50 m high. And 800 m wide. The

Question

The Horseshoe Falls on the Niagara River is about 50 m high. And 800 m wide. The water is moving at 10 m/s and is has a depth of 1 m as it goes over the falls. What volume of water goes over the falls each second What is the work done by gravity on this volume of water Suppose this potential energy could be transformed into electrical energy, how much electrical power would be produced Canada has one of the highest electrical energy requirement per capita in the world. In 2009, Canadian per capita power consumption was an average of 17,507 kilowatt-hours per annum. The population of Canada is 35 million. Express Canada's total electrical power requirements in Watts. What fraction of this requirement does your answer to (c) represent

Explanation / Answer

here,

height , h = 50 m

width , w = 800 m

depth , d = 1 m

speed , v = 10 m/s

(a)

volume of the water flow ecvery seccond , V = v*w*d

V = 10 * 800 * 1

V = 8000 m^3 /s

(b)

the work done by the gravity , w = m * g *h = ( V * g *h /density of water ) = ( 50 *8000 * 9.8 /1000)

w = 3920 J

(c)

the electric power produced is 3920 W

(d)

average power per capita , P1 = 17507 KWH

P1 = 17507 * 1000/( 3600 * 365*24*3600)

P1 = 1.54 * 10^-4 W

total power consumed , P = 1.54 * 10^-4* 35 * 10^6

P = 5397 W

Pc/P = 3920 /5397 = 0.73

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