Dunne DNA synthesis a rare tautomeric form of guanine occurs causing DNA polymer

Question

Dunne DNA synthesis a rare tautomeric form of guanine occurs causing DNA polymerase to mistakenly incorporate a T instead of a C (template DNA strand) This error is not corrected by the mismatch repair system and thus in the second generation progeny a stable mutant is created. Shown below is the coding strand of DNA for both the wild type and mutant. The base substitution is underlined To answer the following questions. assume that the region of DNA shown above is transcribed to form mRNA and translated to form protein product. Mark any and all of the TRUE statements The codon change that results from this mutation is CGG to CGA. The codon change that results from this mutation is GCA becomes ACA. This is a missense mutation This is a nonsense mutation Please mark the FALSE statement During replication, if the parent strand of DNA slips and leads to the deletion of one nucleotide in the coding region of newly synthesized DNA. a frameshift mutation results. Whereas a penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes mutant could be selected for using direct selection, a Lys- Escherichia coli mutant would necessitate indirect selection. The Ames test is a method used to indirectly select for auxotrophic mutants. Transposons may introduce resistance genes into plasmids. Which method of lateral (horizontal) gene transfer involves a bacteriophage? Conjugation Transformation Transposon Transduction

Explanation / Answer

1. Ans. (a) The code change that results from this mutation is CGG to CGA. It does not affect the protein because both of these codons specify Arginine. The type of mutation caused is Point mutation. 2. Ans. (c) The Ames test is a method used to indirectlyselect for auxotrophic mutants. 3. Ans. (d) Transduction. It is the process in which bacterial DNA is moved from one bacterium to another by a virus (a bacteriophage, or phage). 3. Ans. (d) Transduction. It is the process in which bacterial DNA is moved from one bacterium to another by a virus (a bacteriophage, or phage).

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