man variation Name: EXERCISE S ABO BLOOD GROUP Work with a small group or alone
ID: 146983 • Letter: M
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man variation Name: EXERCISE S ABO BLOOD GROUP Work with a small group or alone to complete this exercise Review Figures 86,8.7, and 8 8. Use thie as your understanding of the forces of evolution, to help you answer the following questions. gures 86, 8.7, and 8.8. Use this information, as well 1. Many populations throughout central Eurasia share high frequencies of the B allele. What does thit s pattern suggest caused this trait about the evolutionary history of these populations? Describe the evolutionary force that likely distribution. 2. The O allele is unusually frequent in the Americas. What does this pa ttern suggest about the evolutionary history of these populations? Describe the evolutionary force that likely caused this trait distribution.Explanation / Answer
1.Evolution is a process that results in changes in the genetic material of a population over time.It reflects the adaptations of organisms to their changing environment and can result in altered genes, noval traits, and new species. Because genetic change lies at the heart of speciation,the formation of new species involves the action of some evolutionary forces known to cause genetic changes within populations.The principal evolutionary forces most commonly involved in species divergence are natural selection, genetic drift and mutation. All these forces act to change allele frequencies within populations over time and there is no question that they operate during speciation as well.
Natural selection: it is a process by which the forms of organisms in a population that are best adapted to the environment increase in frequency relative to less adapted firms over a number of generations, the genetic variants that are better suited to the natural environment increase in frequency while variants that are not well suited decrease. It is deterministic and non random process.
Incase of central Eurasia,formed by association of Asia and Europe where mixed traits are formed by natural selection. Apart from this, genetic drift: allelic frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next unless the equilibrium is disturbed by migration over large populations.The random change in allele frequencies as a result of chance from one generation to next in a finite population is called genetic drift.
2.A founder effect occurs when a new population develops by a few members of the original large population. This is essentially a sampling difference, the larger the sub population the more likely it will resemble the original parent population, and might display different frequency of those that they posses.The founder effect can result in radical changes in allele frequencies.The founder population may have reduced genetic variations from the original population.
Thus founder effect is the evolutionary force that caused this trait distribution.
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