no, hairlike cellular extensions 4. smooth ER 5. chromatid 6. lysosomes 7. cytop
ID: 146658 • Letter: N
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no, hairlike cellular extensions 4. smooth ER 5. chromatid 6. lysosomes 7. cytoplasm 8. cristae 9. cytosol 10. cilia C. intracellular fluid D. involved in mitosis E. folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane F. composed of a phospholipid bilayer G. stores calcium ions in muscle cells H. site for protein synthesis 1. vesicles with powerful digestive enzymes J. intracellular fluid and the organelles C. Fill in the Blanks Complete the following statements. 1. Replication of genetic material results in chromosomes consisting of two 2. A cell in metaphase has chromosomes located in the 01 th 3. Division of the cytoplasm to produce two daughter cells is called 4. Double-stranded chromosomes separate during the 5. During interphase, DNA replication occurs in the phase. 6. Microtubules called attach to chromatids and pull them apart. 7. Chromosomes become visible during the 8. The last stage of mitosis is 9. Division of the nuclear material is called stage of mitosis. stage of mitosis. 10. Matching chromatids are held together by a D. Short-Answer QuestionsExplanation / Answer
1- DNA . Cell cycle and cell division are very important process in all living organisms. Process of cell division is called mitosis. In human cells unreplicated chromosome contain one DNA. During S phase of cell cycle this DNA replicates and doubles the number. But there will be no increase in number of chromosome. So in a replicated cell, that is going to divide contain chromosome which have 2 DNA.
2- Metaphase plate . Metaphase is the second phase of mitosis. It is characterized by alignment of fully condensed chromosomes at the center of the cell, that is at equator. This kind of arrangement is acquired by attachment of spindle fibres to the kinetochore of chromatid . the plane of alignment of chromosome during metaphase is called metaphase plate.
3-Cytokinesis . A cell division will not said to be completed without Cytokinesis. After segregation of chromosomes the cytoplasm will divide resulting in two daughter cells. It is achieved by a furrow in the plasma membrane . Furrow deepens and joins at the center of the cell. This is the case of animal cells . In plant cells furrow starts at center and grows outward.
4- Anaphase. During this phase migration of each chromosome occurs , Centromeres splits and chromatid get separated at metaphase plate and each chromatid moves to opposite poles.
5- S phase. Cell cycle is broadly divided in to interphase and M phase. The actual cell division occurs at M phase. Interphase is called resting phase, during which cell growth and DNA replication occurs. Here cell is getting prepared for division. Interphase is again divided into 3 phases . G1 phase, S phase also called synthesis phase, G2 phase . G1 phase is between last mitosis and DNA replication. During S phase DNA replication occurs. n number of DNA Will became 2n ,without changing chromosome number. G2 phase is for synthesis of proteins which helps in mitosis.
6- Spindle fibres. During metaphase the spindle fibres arising from each pole of the cell get attached to the chromosomes and during Anaphase these fibres pulls apart each chromatid to opposite poles.
7- Prophase. Condensation of chromosomal material occurs at this phase. During late prophase chromosomal material condenses to form compact mitotic chromosome.
8- Telophase. Chromosomes that reached at each pole decondenses. Nuclear envelope develops around chromosomal clusters forming daughter nuclei.
9- Karyokinesis. Is the segregation of duplicated chromosome into daughter nuclei.
10- Centromere. Centromere attaches 2 chromatids together forming chromosome. Spindle fibres get attached to the disc shaped kinetochore located at Centromere.
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