9. Based on what you know about the effects of temperature on enzyme activity, w
ID: 146398 • Letter: 9
Question
9. Based on what you know about the effects of temperature on enzyme activity, why are fever and hypothermia considered dangerous conditions for human health? To answer this question, describe what happens to human enzymes in each situation. a) Fever (0.5 pt) b) Hypothermia (0.5 pt) 10. Amylase is an enzyme produced in the saliva of humans that catalyzes the breakdown of starch. a) A sample of salivary amylase will not function if placed in a solution of stomach fluid. What is a possible explanation for this? (Hint: How do saliva and stomach fluid differ with respect to a chemical variable that you examined in this lab?) (0.5 pt) b) Explain why salivary amylase does not catalyze the breakdown of lipids. (0.5 pt)Explanation / Answer
9.a)Ans=Enzymes are the biocatalyst , proteinaceous in nature, require optimum temperature & pH for its activity.
In fever, body temperature elevates from 37 degrees Celsius to 38 degrees Celsius, due to this; the Enzyme- Substrate complex get denatured or get detached from each other.
Thus, It hampers the Enzymatic activity in our body while we are in fever.
9.b)Ans=Hypothermia, is a condition when body temperature goes down & we start shivering with cold .
This also inhibits the binding of Enzyme-Substrate complex, as in chilling condition enzyme molecules move very slowly & collision frequency between the active site of substrate & enzyme get reduced .
Thus , it also reduces enzyme activity in our body.
10.a) The salivary amlyase enzyme is secreted from salivary glands in our buccal cavity, for the proper activation & regulations of this enzyme , optimum pH range is from 6.0 to 7.0 , but it is highly active at pH = 6.8( basic pH)
& The pH of stomach varies from 1.5- 3.5 (highly acidic).
Thus , the salivary amylase can't function in stomach fluid solution as optimum pH for it functions greatly differs from gastric pH.
10.b) Ans= salivary amylase can't break the ester bonds in triglycerides of lipids, lipase can hydrolyse these ester bonds, & lipid digestion is enhanced by emulsification by bile produced by liver.
So, Salivary gland can't catalyze the breakdown of lipids.
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