1. Centrifugal pumps are commonly used to move water through pipes. The pumping
ID: 1459777 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Centrifugal pumps are commonly used to move water through pipes. The pumping mechanism is a spinning rotor, usually turned by an electric motor. Water enters the rotor near its center and leaves from its outer edge. The rotor has vanes that help to push the water around in a circle. The pump has no valves or narrow passages, so it can be used to pump almost anything, even sewage.
For the water to accelerate in this direction, how must the pressures at the center and edge of the rotor compare to one another?
2. You are washing a car in front of your apartment. You have a garden hose attached to a water faucet and a bucket with a sponge in it.
As it arcs through the air, the stream of water is at atmospheric pressure. But when you accidentally hit the bucket with the stream of water, the bucket accelerates away from you and falls off the car. Evidently, the water pressure increases when it touches the bucket. Why does the water pressure increase?
3. A professional house washer uses a powerful pump to create the very high-pressure water needed to remove dirt and grime from a house’s surface.
As the water flows out of the sprayer nozzle, what happens to its energy?
4. When a patient receives an injection, fluid passes from a cylinder with a plunger in it, through a narrow, hollow needle, and into the patient’s arm.
As the nurse squeezes fluid through the needle, how do the pressures inside the cylinder and inside the needle compare to one another?
5. You’re watching a downhill ski race. In this race, the skiers are trying to descend a mountain as quickly as possible without crashing. The veteran skier standing nearby makes a number of observations about the racers that can actually be explained scientifically.
The veteran notes that skiers slow down and lose time whenever they remain airborne too long after passing over a jump. Why should a skier regain contact with the slope as soon as possible after a jump?
Explanation / Answer
pressure at the center must be higher than edge so the water should move from center to edge that means higher pressure area to lower pressure area
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