1.) Prostaglandin E causes: A.) chemotaxis. B.) smooth muscle contraction. C.) p
ID: 144953 • Letter: 1
Question
1.) Prostaglandin E causes:
A.) chemotaxis.
B.) smooth muscle contraction.
C.) platelet degradation.
D.) Platelet release
2. The purpose of toll-like receptors (TLR) is to
A.) activate T-cell receptors.
B.) increase lymphocyte antimicrobial activity.
C.) activate complement C3b.
D.) activate B-cell receptors.
3.)A swimmer sustains a laceration on the arm in a salt-based swimming pool with a NaCl concentration of 1%. The RBCs streaming from the wound into the water will:
A.) shrink substantially in size.
B.)swell slightly in size.
C.) shrink slightly in size.
D.) swell to the point of lysis
4. A patient is diagnosed with tuberculosis at the age of 55 years. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria were likely living inside of cells inside the patient's lungs for many years.
A.) B
B.) neutrophil
C.) T
D.) macrophage
5.) A patient without a history of a bleeding disorder presents with an excessive nosebleed. This could easily be caused by a lack of fragments
A.) cell
B.) fibrin
C.) platelet
D.) plasmin
E.) mast
Explanation / Answer
1- d
It has been found that PGE2 modulates vascular tone and platlet activity by releasing platlets. A lot of reserch is going on understanding role of postaglandins, especially PGE2 in regulating human platlet activity in acute and coronary syndromes.
2 B.) increase lymphocyte antimicrobial activity.
Toll-like receptors are a class of pattern recognition olecules that function exclusively as signalling receptors. In humans there are atleast 10 TLRs which recognise lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, zymosan etc. The main function of TLLRs is to recognise a pathogen, and start a signalling cascade which leads to gene transcription and this signalling process recruit different lymphocytes which neutralise antigens.
3 D.) swell to the point of lysis
Since concentration of solutes is more inside RBC, the water will enter inside the cell, it will swell and ultimately brust. This process is called plasmolysis.
4 Macrophage
Myobacteria are facultative intracellular bacteria that multiply within host phagocytic cells like macrophages.
5- fibrin
Fibrin is a fibrous, non-globular protein which is involved in blood clotting. Factor xii is responsible for formation of fibrin. It forms a mesh that impedes the flow of blood.
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