Mr. Simpson has blood type ABRh+ and his wife type ORh+. Mr. Doodle has type ARh

Question

Mr. Simpson has blood type ABRh+ and his wife type ORh+. Mr. Doodle has type ARh- and his wife type ORh+. The Simpsons and Doodles each had a baby girl on the same day. When they took their children home, their doctors found that the Doodle girl had blood type ARh- and the Simpson girl had type ORh+. The Simpsons sued the hospital for giving them the wrong baby. Could they win the case? Show the most likely genotypes of the parents and of the 2 girls.

Mr. Simpson:

Mr. Doodle:

Mrs. Simpson:

Mrs. Doodle:

Simpson Baby:

Doodle Baby:

Can they win?

Explanation / Answer

ABO blood group system of human represents an example of multiple alleles. The people whose blood group is A, their RBCs contain A antigens, those with blood group B contain B antigens, those with blood group AB contain both A and B antigens while those with blood group O do not contain any A or B antigens. For the production of A and B antigens, there are two alleles IA and IB respectively. The IA is codominant to IB and both IA and IB are completely dominant to the allele i.

IA is dominant to i, therefore two genotypes are possible for Blood group A and these are IAIA and IAi.

IB is dominant to i, therefore two genotypes are possible for Blood group B and these are IBIB and IBi.

The possible genotype for blood group AB = IAIB

The possible genotype for blood group O = i i.

Mr. Simpson has blood type ABRh+ and his wife type ORh+.

So, the genotype of Mr. Simpson is IAIB and the genotype of his wife is i i.

Therefore their baby girl should have blood group either A (genotype IAi) or B (genotype IBi).

Mr. Doodle has blood type ARh- and his wife type ORh+.

So, two genotypes are possible for Mr. Doodle and these are IAIA and IAi and the genotype of his wife is i i.

Therefore, their baby girl should have blood group either A (genotype IAi) or O (genotype i i) [If the genotype of Mr. Doodle is IAi]

But when they took their children home, their doctors found that the Doodle girl had blood type ARh- and the Simpson girl had type ORh+.

But the Simpson girl's blood type could not be O.

So, the baby girl with blood type ARh- should be the Simpson girl while the baby girl with blood type ORh+ should be the Doodle girl.

Therefore the Simpsons could win the case.

The most likely genotype of Mr. Simpson = IAIB.

The most likely genotype of Mrs. Simpson = i i.

The most likely genotype of Mr. Doodle = IAi [As the Doodle girl should have type O blood group among two baby girls]

The most likely genotype of Mrs. Doodle = i i.

The most likely genotype of the Simpson baby= IAi.

The most likely genotype of the Doodle baby = i i.

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