31. Fungi may be decomposers that secrete which digest organic material outside

Question

31. Fungi may be decomposers that secrete which digest organic material outside of the c. mycorrhizae 32. Arbuscules are associated with fungi that Are found on the surface of plant roots b Are found within plant cell Are found within animal cells Are found with bacteria c. d. 33. T/F: Mycorrhizae are an example of a symblosike relationship between plant reets and fungl. an 34. T/F: Fungi have cell walls of chitin 35. T/F: Some members of the living vertebrates are cyclostomes 36. Which of the following is not found in animas? nervous and muscle presence of collagen a. d. multicellularity 37. T/F: Animats with cephalization have a region at the anterior end with a concentration of sensgry structures 38. T/F: Echinoderms are a chordate with a notochord. 39. T/F: Chondrichthyes are gnathostomes. 40. What is one characteristic that separates all chordates from other animals? notochord b. flight c opposable thumb d limbs Put 41. Why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough? It has a shell that increases gas exchange. allows incubation of eggs in a terrestrial environment. prolongs embryonic development. provides insulation to conserve heat energy a. b. d. Page 1 5

Explanation / Answer

31. ( B ) Explanation - Fungi are the microbes that secreted EXOENZYMES to degrade and decompose the organic matter present in environment.

Exoenzymes are the extracelluar enzymes secreted by organism to digest the nutrient.Endoenzymes are the enzymes that are produces in a cell and will function in that cell only. Harmones are the chemical entity produces by animal or plants that acts in distant location, moved by circulatory system to change or regulate physiological conditions.Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association of Vascular plant and Fungus, it can be ecto (Outside root on surface) or endo (inside root).

32. (B) Explanation -

Arbiscules are the association of plant cell and fungi in which fungi penetrates the root cell of Plants and forms the tree like network inside plant, mostly by Glomeromycota phylum fungi.

33. True

Explanation - Mycorrhiza is a kind of mutually benefited reationship between vascular plants (Roots) and fungi.In this kind of association fungi will provide water and minerals to plants while plant will provide food (Carbohydrates) geenrated by photosynthesis. Thus both will be mutually benefited.

34 - True

Explanation Fungi cell wals are made up of Chitin, glucans and glycoproteins. Chitin is the unique component present in the cell wall of insects and fungi providing support and rigidity to the cell wall. Chitin is made up of long chains of N-acetylgucosamine.

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